【摘要】 借助于野外调查、样品采集及实验室分析,对喀尔里克山北坡-淖毛湖盆地土壤理化性状的空间分布进行了研究。结果显示:土壤质地以少砾质砂质壤土或少砾质粉砂质壤土为主,少数属多砾质壤质砂土或少砾质砂土;不同类型土壤的水分含量存在比较明显的差异,且与海拔存在显著的正相关。研究区除低地草甸及淖毛湖盆地的土壤出现盐渍化和碱化外,其他地区土壤盐碱化现象不明显,pH值与海拔高度具有显著的负相关性。土壤有机质和全氮的含量分布不均,喀尔里克山北坡地区属高级别,而中部地区和淖毛湖盆地属中下或低级别;全磷含量多属中下级别;这些养分在剖面上的垂直分布均表现出从表层至下层含量逐渐降低的趋势。土壤全钾含量差异不大,多属中上级别。研究表明,该地区土壤中养分含量主要受地形、海拔、植被和人类活动的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 The research of physical-chemical properties of soils not only has an important theoretical significance for understanding the process of soil formation,structure and function,but also provides important parameters for understanding the relationship between plants and soils.The Karlike Mountains is situated in the eastern part of the Tianshan Mountains,and Naomaohu basin located between the Altai Mountains and Tianshan Mountains.The study on the soil physical-chemical properties in this region has not been reported yet.By analyzing the distribution characteristics of soil physical-chemical properties with the help of fieldwork and soil samples’ analysis in laboratory,including soil textures,water contents,salt contents,pH values and nutrients of 44 samples from 20 quadrants in the region between Karlike Mountains’ north slope and Naomaohu basin,the results show that the soil textures of most samples are sandy loams or silty loams and few samples are loamy sand soils or loamy silt soils.The water contents for different soils have some differences and there is a significant positive correlation between the soil water contents and the altitude.The salinization and alkalization of soils are not serious in study areas,besides Naomaohu basin and lowland meadow.The pH values decrease with the altitude and there is a significant negative correlation.The distribution of soil organic matter and total nitrogen are uneven.It belongs to high level on the north slope of Karlike Mountains.However,the soil organic matter and total nitrogen are poor in its central region and Naomaohu basin.The contents of total P are generally poor,and these soil nutrients have a similar distribution characteristic.The contents of total K belong to a high level,and have a little difference in study areas.The study shows that the contents of soil nutrients are mainly affected by landform,vegetation and human activities in this region.更多还原