【摘要】 为了明确黄河北干流的径流变化规律以及和季风的关系,研究将黄河北干流划分为3个河段(上游:河口-吴堡、中游:吴堡-龙门,下游:龙门-潼关),并将时间尺度分为小尺度(<10 a)、中尺度(10~20 a)和大(≥20 a)尺度,应用该区域1919~2006年4个水文站的年天然径流数据、亚洲季风指数和西风指数,采用线性回归和墨西哥帽小波变换的方法分析了天然径流变化规律,并用累积距平法比较了径流和季风的相关性。结果表明,径流量在近50 a内呈明显减少的趋势,特别是下游段龙门-潼关区间径流减少显著。黄河北干流在小尺度上有一个大约6 a的径流丰-枯周期,在中尺度上有一个约10~15 a的丰枯周期变化,大尺度上中上游的丰枯周期约为25 a。径流距平累积和亚洲季风指数距平累积呈显著正相关,由此推测影响径流变化的自然因素中亚洲季风为正相的影响,尤其是处在较上游的区域受影响更大,受到西风显著的反相影响。其结果期望能为黄土高原水资源调控提供理论参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Changes of runoff in Beiganliu area,the wide stretch of land of the north bank of the Yellow River,and the correlation with the climate change were studied.Field investigation was conducted in three sub-areas(the upstream,midstream and downstream of the Yellow River) involving collection of runoff and meteorological data for the period from 1919 to 2006.Runoff in time-series was analyzed by methods of regression and Mexico Hat wavelet transform.The result indicated that the runoff decreased remarkably during the last 50 years,especially in the area alongside the Longmen-Tongguan river section.Variation of runoff was affected by monsoon and positive correlation existed between runoff and the Asian monsoon indices.Significant negative correlation existed between runoff and westerly wind indices.It was concluded that runoff in Beiganliu area was mainly influenced by the Asian monsoon.更多还原