【摘要】 岩溶地下水脆弱性评价是基于保护岩溶含水层从而有效地管理和利用地下水提出的有效方法和手段。我国西南岩溶区大多数地区缺少应有的地下水保护带,地下水比较容易受到污染。基于"起源-路径-目标"模型,考虑三个因子:覆盖层(O)、径流特征(C)、降雨条件(P),对重庆市青木关岩溶槽谷地下水含水层固有脆弱性进行了定量评价。结果表明:在流域范围内,9.6%为极端脆弱区,45%为高脆弱区,36%脆弱性中等区,7.5%为低脆弱性地区,1.9%为很低的脆弱性区。具体而言,消水洞以及他们周边100m和消水河及其两边10m为极端脆弱性,其他岩溶区为高、中等脆弱性,砂岩区为低脆弱性区域。评价结果与实际吻合,为各级决策部门的合理规划和保护地下水资源提供简单明了的科学依据,使规划者对土地利用和地下水质量保护的决定更加明智、合理。该方法对于川东岩溶槽谷地区脆弱性评价有推广价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Assessment of karst groundwater aquifer vulnerability is a valid method that is put forth on the basis of protecting karst groundwater aquifer,in order to manage and use groundwater effectively.Groundwater lacks a protective zone in most karst areas in Southwest China,so the groundwater is easy to pollute.A large number of methods of vulnerability assessment have been proposed for the protection of carbonate(karst) aquifers.This paper is based on the European vulnerability assessment model,taking four factors into account:overlying layers(O),concentrations of flow(C),precipitation regime(P) and karst network development(K),on the basis of the "origin-way-target" model,while putting the methodology in to practice in the Qingmuguan Basin of Chongqing that is a subtropical karst mountain area.The authors have finished resource and source intrinsic vulnerability assessment of karst groundwater.In the view of groundwater resource intrinsic vulnerability,within the watershed,the extremely vulnerable areas account for 9.6%;the high vulnerability areas account for 45%;the areas with moderate regional vulnerability account for 36%;the low vulnerability areas account for 7.5%;the very low vulnerability areas account for 1.9%.Sinkholes with their surroundings measured at 100 meters in radius and sinking streams with their surroundings measured at 10 meters in radius are of extreme vulnerability;other karst areas are of high-moderate vulnerability;sandstone areas are of low vulnerability.As for groundwater source intrinsic vulnerability,within the watershed,are the high vulnerable areas account for 12.6%;the middle vulnerability areas account for 43%;the low regional vulnerability areas account for 44.4%.Sinkholes with their surroundings around 100 meters in radius,sinking streams with their surroundings around 10 meters and the highly karstified areas are of extreme vulnerability;most karst areas are of moderate vulnerability;sandstone areas are of low vulnerability.The assessment provides a simple and clear scientific foundation for the government rational planning and protection of groundwater resources.Furthermore,the method could be used as a valuable tool for groundwater and landuse management.更多还原