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土地利用变化对全球气候影响的研究进展与方法初探

An Overview of the Progress and Research Framework on the Effects of Land Use Change upon Global Climate

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【作者】 刘纪远邵全琴延晓冬樊江文邓祥征战金艳高学杰黄麟徐新良胡云峰王军邦匡文慧

【Author】 Liu Jiyuan1,Shao Quanqin1,Yan Xiaodong2,Fan Jiangwen1,Deng Xiangzheng1,Zhan Jinyan3,Gao Xuejie4,Huang Lin1,Xu Xinliang1,Hu Yunfeng1,Wang Junbang1,Kuang Wenhui1(1.The Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,China;2.The Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China; 3.Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;4.The National Climate Centre of China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China)

【机构】 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所中国科学院大气物理研究所北京师范大学国家气候中心

【摘要】 综合分析了土地利用与土地覆盖变化(LUCC)对全球气候影响研究的重要科学问题和国内外研究现状,在此基础上,考虑各学科的相互交叉、渗透和耦合等特点,提出并初步设计了土地利用变化对全球气候影响研究的星地一体化LUCC—气候—生态系统耦合研究技术方法体系,并就土地利用变化对全球气候影响的LUCC演变规律及动力学机制、LUCC影响生态系统与气候的机理与效应等重大科学问题的研究途径,以及星地一体化耦合研究技术体系在土地利用变化对全球气候影响研究中的应用技术路线进行了探讨。该研究途径的探讨与技术路线的设计,将有力支持下述科学目标的实现:①深入研究典型区、重要国家和全球3个尺度上的LUCC时空过程基本规律、驱动机制与区域差异及其气候/生态效应;②阐明人类活动和气候变化对LUCC过程的互馈机理,揭示大尺度LUCC过程对气候与陆地生态系统的作用机理;③构建多尺度LUCC及其气候/生态效应综合模拟平台,定量模拟未来不同情景下不同时空尺度LUCC变化趋势及其对气候与生态系统的影响,进而厘定大尺度LUCC通过引发温室气体收支变化与改变地表陆—气界面过程2个方面影响气候变化的贡献率;④提出未来应对LUCC对气候与生态系统影响的策略,为我国应对全球变化、实现可持续发展提供科学依据。

【Abstract】 In this paper,the primary scientific issues about the impacts of land use and land cover change(LUCC) on global climate are analyzed,and its research progress is reviewed.LUCC-climate-ecosystem research system integrated with satellite and field observation is constructed,with the consideration of the intercross,integration and interpenetration among subjects to study the land use change effects on global climate.Furthermore,dynamic patterns and mechanisns of LUCC,research approaches about the mechanisms and effectiveness of LUCC impacts on ecosystem and climate,and then the technical routes for the application of integrated satellite-earth research system to land use change effects on global climate are discussed and analyzed.The following scientific objectives will be realized based on above research approaches and technical routes. ① to further study the basic regulation,driving forces and its climatic/ecological effects of LUCC in three spatial scales: typical regions,key nations and global;② to illustrate the mutual-feedback mechanisms among anthropogenic activities,climate change and LUCC processes,and to reveal the impact mechanisms of large scale LUCC processes on climate and terrestrial ecosystem;③ to construct integrated simulated platform on multiple scale LUCC and its climatic and ecological effectiveness,and to quantitatively simulate the different spatial and temporal scale of LUCC trends and its climatic/ecological effects in different scenarios,then to define the contribution rate of large scale LUCC impacts on climate change in two ways,that is through initiation of the budget change of greenhouse gases and through the change in land surface and atmosphere processes;④ to propose the strategy to responding to the impacts of LUCC on climate and ecosystem in the future,and to supply scientific basis for nations to respond to global change and to achieve sustainable development.

【基金】 国家重点基础研究发展计划项目“大尺度土地利用变化对全球气候的影响”(编号:2010CB950900)资助
  • 【文献出处】 地球科学进展 ,Advances in Earth Science , 编辑部邮箱 ,2011年10期
  • 【分类号】P461;F301.24
  • 【被引频次】174
  • 【下载频次】5181
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