【摘要】 通过理论模化途径研究昆翅在飞行中的动态形变机制.设计翅气动力试验平台,验证翅准静态形变影响气动力的"柔性楔形效应"理论解释.探讨昆翅的变刚度特性表明,弦向刚度分布规律符合二项式函数时具有优越性和现实性,进而指出昆翅结构的变刚度特性是产生高升力的基本条件.建立了柔性翅的简化力学模型,通过坐标变换法求解在气动力和惯性力共同作用下翅的形变模态.以雄蜂悬停飞行为例,示出了动态翅形变若干关键时刻的二维曲线,揭示了昆翅非定常形变凸向或凹向来流的实质.以上研究为进一步揭示昆翅柔性对飞行力的贡献奠定基础.更多还原

【Abstract】 The dynamic deformation mechanisms of an insect wing in flight were studied by a theoretical modeling approach.The experimental platform for measuring wing’s aerodynamic forces designed to demonstrate the ’flexible wedge effect’ theory,which could explain the influences of a wing’s quasi-static deformation on its aerodynamic forces.The variable stiffness property of the wing was investigated,and it shows superiority and reality when the distribution of flexural stiffness in the chordwise direction is in accordance with a binomial function.Further,the variable stiffness property of insect wing’s structure is highlighted as a basic condition for generating a high amount of lift.A simplified mechanical model of flexible wing was established,and the deformation modal of the wing under the combined actions of aerodynamic forces and inertia forces is solved through coordinate transformation approaches.Taking the hovering flight of a bumblebee as an example,the two-dimensional curves of the wing’s dynamic deformations at several critical moments are presented,and the essence of the unsteady deformation of the wing,which is convex or concave in the incoming flow,is detailed.The above researches have paved a way for further study in revealing contributions of wing’s flexibility to its aerodynamic performance.更多还原