【摘要】 柞蚕线虫病是危害柞蚕生产的主要病害之一。为了避免长期使用单一药剂防治柞蚕线虫病给柞蚕生产带来的潜在危机,从10种线虫防治药剂中筛选出了新型药剂线蛟清。以0.108 00%、0.054 00%、0.021 67%和0.016 25%线蛟清药液喷洒的药叶饲喂柞蚕,对柞蚕寄生线虫病的防治效果均达100%,但前2种浓度的药液可导致柞蚕慢性中毒。给柞蚕全龄添食0.016 25%线蛟清药液喷洒的药叶,其结茧率和全茧量与清水对照没有显著差异,且子代的产卵量、孵化率、收蚁结茧率、全茧量及茧层率均与清水对照差异不显著。喷洒0.016 25%线蛟清药液0.5 h后人工降水20~25 mm,用药叶给柞蚕添食的防效仍达到100%,正常情况下该浓度药液的持效期达35 d,柞蚕被线虫寄生8 d内,连续4 d取食药叶,可全部杀死寄生于体内的线虫。试验结果表明:0.016 25%线蛟清药液对柞蚕线虫病具有显著的防治效果,药液喷洒后的内吸性好,药效持续时间较长,对柞蚕的安全性好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pernyimermis sp.is one of the major diseases damaging tussah silkworm production.The experiment was conducted aiming to find alternative control chemicals against Pernyimermis sp.so as to avoid potential crisis in tussah silkworm production induced by long term application of single chemical.A new chemical named "Xianjiaoqing" was screened out of 10 control chemicals against nematodiasis.The control effects of "Xianjiaoqing" for pernyimermis sp.were of 100% at 4 different concentrations,namely 0.108 00%,0.054 00%,0.021 67% and 0.016 25%,respectively.However,chronic poisoning was observed in treatments with the first 2 concentrations.Cocooning rate and single cocoon weight from larvae feeding on leaves sprayed with 0.016 25% "Xianjiaoqing" during the whole larval stage had no significant difference with those of the water control.Moreover,their filial generation showed no significant difference in weight of eggs per moth,hatching rate,cocooning rate of hatched larvae,single cocoon weight and cocoon shell rate compared with those form the control plots.The control effect could still be 100% when 20~25 mm artificial rainfall has been given 0.5 h after 0.016 25% "Xianjiaoqing" treatment.Under normal condition,control effect of this drug at above concentration could last for 35 d.Within 8 d of Pernyimermis sp.parasitism to tussah silkworm larvae,feeding on the drug treated leaves for continuous 4 d could still kill all worms parasitized in their bodies.The result of this experiment indicates that 0.016 25% of "Xianjiaoqing" solution is of significant control effect against Pernyimermis sp.Since the solution could be absorbed by the leaves in a systemic way,its control effect persists long and is safe to tussah silkworm.更多还原