【摘要】 目的探讨重型肝炎和肝硬化并发肺炎的临床特点及其危险因素。方法对95例重型肝炎和肝硬化住院患者进行临床调查分析。结果重型肝炎和肝硬化患者合并肺炎的发生率为7.3%,病死率20%;临床表现不典型,诊断主要靠胸部X线检查和深部痰细菌培养;主要病原菌为金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌及白色念珠菌;疾病严重程度、肝性脑病(肝性脑病)、住院时间、广谱抗菌药物长期使用等是造成并发肺炎的主要危险因素。结论重型肝炎患者合并肺炎是由多种因素共同作用的结果,临床医务人员必须高度重视,采取综合措施加以防治。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of pneumonia in patients with severe viral hepatitis and hepatocirrhosis.Methods A total of 95 inpatients with severe viral hepatitis and cirrhosis were reviewed retrospectively.Results The incidence rate of the pneumonia in severe viral hepatitis patients was 7.3% and the death rate was 20%;the clinical features of pneumonia were usually untypica1.Proper diagnosis is mainly depending upon examination of the chest X-ray and culture of bacteria in sputum from deep position.The main pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae,and Candida albicans;liver disease severity,hepatic encephalopathy(hepatic coma),length of stay,long-term use of broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents were the main risk factors of pneumonia.Conclusion Various factors contributed to pneumonia in patients with severe viral hepatitis.Clinicians should pay more attention to pneumonia in patients with severe viral hepatitis and prevent the incidence of hospital infection.更多还原