【摘要】 目的:了解甘肃省天水市成年人群精神障碍的患病率及分布特点。方法:采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法随机抽取甘肃省天水市≥18岁人群11359人为调查对象,用扩展的一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)进行筛查,将调查对象分为精神障碍高、中、低危险3组,然后用美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册(DSM-IV)轴Ⅰ障碍定式临床检查患者版对3组人群进行诊断检查。将计算出的患病率进行调整并推广至天水230万成年人口。结果:10249人完成调查,调整后精神障碍总的现患率(最近1个月)为17.90%(95%CI为15.72%～20.32%);患病率前三位分别是酒精使用障碍(3.16%)、重性抑郁障碍(2.73%)和未特定焦虑障碍(2.67%)。男性精神障碍总的现患率为15.85%,女性为20.08%;农村为17.33%,城市为20.59%;男女、农村与城市之间精神障碍总的现患率差异无统计学意义[OR(95%CI)分别为0.75(0.52～1.07)和0.81(0.57～1.15)],但酒精使用障碍男性的现患率高于女性(6.00%vs.0.14%,OR=45.59,95%CI:17.98～115.57),农村居民低于城市居民(2.43%vs.6.57%,OR=0.35,95%CI:0.15～0.85)。在有精神障碍的人群中,功能损害程度为中等到严重者占37.10%,但仅8.58%的患者曾经因心理问题在医疗机构就诊,并且仅5.29%曾经就诊于精神科。结论:甘肃省天水市精神障碍的患病率较高。酒精使用障碍和重性抑郁是特别需要关注的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To describe the prevalence and distribution of mental disorders among adults in the Tianshui City of Gansu Province. Methods:Using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling,11359 subjects aged 18 or older were identified in Tianshui City.The subjects were screened with the expanded version of General Health Questionnaire(GHQ-12)and classified as high,moderate or low risk of having a mental disorder based on the results.Different proportions of the three groups were assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR(SCID-I/P).Estimated prevalence rates were adjusted to represent the sampling frame of 2.3 million adults. Results:Totally 10249 subjects completed the survey.The adjusted current prevalence of any mental disorder was 17.90%(95%CI:15.72%~20.23%).The three most prevalence specific disorders were alcohol use disorder(3.16%),major depressive disorder(2.73%)and’ not otherwise specified’(NOS)anxiety disorder(2.67%).The current prevalence of any mental disorder was 15.85% in males,20.08% in females,17.33% in rural residents,and 20.59% in urban residents.The male-female and rural-urban differences in overall rates were not statistically significant [OR=0.75,95%CI(0.52~1.07);0.81(0.57~1.15)],but alcohol use disorder was significantly more prevalent in men than in women(6.00% vs.0.14%,OR=45.59,95%CI:17.98~115.57)and less prevalent in rural residents than urban residents(2.43% vs.6.57%,OR=0.35,95%CI:0.15~0.85).Among those with a disorder,37.10% were moderately to severely affected due to the disorder but only 8.58% had ever received any type of medical treatment and only 5.29% had ever received mental health treatment.Conclusion:The prevalence of mental disorders is high in the Tianshui City of Gansu Province.Alcohol use disorder and major depressive disorder are conditions that deserve special attention.更多还原