【摘要】 目的观察"信息传播+防护技能培训+行为激励"健康促进干预模式控制鄱阳湖重疫区成年女性血吸虫感染的短期效果和长期效果。方法选择饭湖村(实验组)和板山村(对照组)为研究现场,16-60岁成年女性为目标人群。1992年基线调查,1993-2009年应用健康促进模式干预实验组目标人群,并考核干预效果。结果干预前(1992)实验组和对照组血防知识知晓率、血防价值观正确率、接触疫水率和血吸虫感染率均无显著差异,接触疫水主要方式为生活性洗衣物。干预1年(1993)实验组血防知识知晓率由干预前55.34%提高到84.85%(χ2=20.853,P<0.01),血防价值观正确率由干预前67.96%提高到95.96%(χ2=22.449,P<0.01),接触疫水率由干预前9.47%下降到5.07%(χ2=31.609,P<0.01),其中洗衣物接触疫水率由干预前7.20%下降到3.76%(χ2=25.252,P<0.01),血吸虫感染率由干预前19.42%下降到7.14%(χ2=6.507,P<0.05)。对照组同期上述各项指标均无明显变化。干预3-17年(1995-2009)目标人群血吸虫感染率为5.05%~8.10%。结论应用"信息传播+防护技能培训+行为激励"健康促进模式干预可有效控制重疫区成年女性居民血吸虫感染。更多还原

【Abstract】 The objective was to observe the short-term and long-term effects of an intervention model for health promotion-"information transmission + training in protection skill + behavior encouragement-on infection control of Schistosome japanicum for adult female in heavy endemic areas of Poyang Lake.Villages of Fanhu and Banshan in heavy endemic areas were selected respectively as experiment group and control group amomy 16-60 years old female as target population.After carrying out baseline survey in 1992,the model of health promotion had been employed to intervene into the target population in experiment group,and the intervention effect during 1993-2009 was accessed.There was no significant difference between experiment group and control group before intervention(1992) in awareness rate of anti-schistosomiasis knowledge,accuracy on value of anti-schistosomiasis,rate of infested water contact(washing clothes was the main way),and infection rate of schistosomiasis.After the one-year intervention(1993),awareness rate of anti-schistosomiasis knowledge in the experiment group increased from 55.34% to 84.85%(χ2=20.853,P<0.01).At the same time,the accuracy on value of anti-schistosomiaisis raised from 67.96% to 95.96%(χ2=22.449,P<0.01).Whereas,the contact rate of infested water decreased from 9.47% to 5.07%(χ2=31.609,P<0.01),of which,the rate of contact due to washing clothes dropped from 7.20% to 3.76%(χ2=25.252,P<0.01) and the infection rate of schistosomiasis decreased from 19.42% to 7.14%(χ2=6.507,P<0.05).On the contrary,there was no significant change for the above indexes in control group before or after intervention.The infection rate of schistosomiasis in the target population ranged from 5.05% to 8.10% 3 to 17 years after intervention(1995-2009).Application of the intervention model for health promotion"information transmission + training of protection skill + behavior encouragement"could effectively control the infection of schistosomiasis in adult female residents in heavy endemic areas.更多还原