【摘要】 【目的】研究硅对水稻生长及病程相关蛋白活性的影响,进一步明确硅与水稻白叶枯病抗性的关系。【方法】以感白叶枯病的水稻品种日本晴(Oryza sativa L.cv.Nipponbare)为材料,在水培条件下,研究接种白叶枯病菌、施硅对水稻干物质累积的影响;接种病菌条件下,施硅与否对水稻叶片关键酶活性的影响及其与水稻白叶枯病抗性的关系。【结果】水稻接种白叶枯病菌后,植株地下部和地上部干物重均显著降低,但施硅处理,植株生物量及硅含量均显著升高。施硅处理水稻白叶枯病病情指数显著降低,与对照相比降低11.83%-52.12%,对白叶枯病的相对防御效果达16.55%-75.82%。叶片感染白叶枯病菌后,β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性和几丁质外切酶、内切酶活性均快速上升。β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性在感染白叶枯病菌的8d内,施硅处理显著高于不施硅处理,接种后第8天达到最大值。整个试验过程中,加硅处理的水稻植株,叶片中几丁质外切酶、内切酶活性明显增加。【结论】施硅能促进水稻的生长,提高病程相关蛋白β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁质外切酶及内切酶的活性,降低病情指数,显著缓解白叶枯病的危害,达到显著的防治效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】 The influences of silicon (Si) on rice growth and the activity of pathogenesis-related proteins were investigated to link roles of Si with Xoo resistance in rice.【Method】 An Xoo-susceptible rice variety (Oryza sativa L.cv.Nipponbare) was grown hydroponically to study the effect of different Si application methods on dry weight of plants with or without inoculation,and the effect of Si addition or not on key enzyme activities and the resistance to Xoo after inoculation.【Result】 The results showed that shoot and root dry weight were significantly decreased by inoculation of Xoo strain.The total dry weight and Si content in rice were increased significantly after silicon addition.The severity index of the infected plants treated with silicon was decreased by 11.83%-52.12% compared to the control,and the relative immunization efficiency reached 16.55%-75.82%.The activities of β-1,3-glucanase,exochitinase and endochitinase were all quickly increased after inoculation with Xoo strain.The β-1,3-glucanase activity in rice plants supplied with silicon was significantly higher than that in plants deprived of silicon during the eight days after inoculation,and reached the maximum on the eighth day after inoculation with Xoo strain.The exochitinase and endochitinase activities of leaves in silicon-fed plants evidently increased throughout the experimental period.【Conclusion】 Silicon application could facilitate the rice growth,enhance the enzyme activity of β-1,3-glucanase,endochitinase and exochitinase,reduce severity index,significantly alleviate the damage of Xoo to rice and attain controlling efficacy.更多还原