【摘要】 盐碱土因其含盐多、pH值高、结构差、肥力低等特点,对植物生长和生态环境均有很大影响,因此,改良利用盐碱土具有重要意义。根据国内外有关研究,综述了土壤母质、质地、地形、新构造运动、水文条件和人为活动等盐碱土主要成因,分析了盐碱土改良利用的技术措施,即耕作施肥、覆盖技术、水利措施、化学措施、电磁改良等非生物技术和种质资源筛选、远缘杂交培育、基因工程培育等生物技术;建议进一步完善区域盐分预报系统和发挥植物—微生物联合修复作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Because of its characteristics such as high pH value,high-salt content,poor structure and low fertility,saline and alkali soil has harmful effect on both plant growth and eco-environment.Therefore,it is important to improve and utilize the saline and alkali soil.According to the relevant research in China and abroad,this paper reviewed the main causes of the saline and alkali soil,including soil parent material,texture,landform,neotectonics,hydrological condition,human activities,and analyzed biotechnologies such as germplasm screening,distant hybridization and genetic engineering as well as non-biological tech-nologies including tillage fertilization,covering technique,hydraulic measures,chemical measures and electro-magnetic methods.And suggestions are raised,namely further improving regional salt forecast sys-tem and giving play to plant-microorganism combined bioremediation for the soil.更多还原