【摘要】 目的探讨宁波市外来工职业病发病特征和规律。方法收集2003至2008年经由宁波市职业病诊断机构确诊的外来工职业病病例,并根据提交的职业病诊断档案资料对229例进行分析。结果 6年中宁波市共诊断229例外来工职业病,其中尘肺、职业中毒和其他职业病分别为179,46,4例,分别占78.2%,20.1%,1.7%,发生在小规模私有经济企业的病例占70.7%。男女性别比为3.0∶1。平均发病年龄37.4岁,平均发病工龄5.8年。病例主要来自江西、四川和重庆等地,占72.1%。229例中参加岗前、离岗体检和职业健康监护,档案建档率分别占7.1%,20.6%,1.7%;患者流动性大,累计流动率达135.4%,有58.1%患者更换过2家以上企业,更换频率约2.8年。结论本研究表明尘肺是主要的职业病,流动性大和职业健康监护率低是外来工罹患职业病的重要原因,建议制定适合流动工特点的职业健康监护管理模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the distribution characteristics of occupational diseases in migrant workers.Methods The data of occupational diseases were collected from migrant workers during 2003-2008,Ningbo city.The status of the diseases was verified with records of occupational disease diagnosis and medical history.Results From 2003 to 2008,there were 229 migrant workers who had occupational diseases including pneumoconiosis(179,78.2%),poisoning(46,20.1%)and other diseases(4,1.7%).70.7% of cases occurred in the small size of private economic enterprises.The occupational diseases were found more frequently in male than in female migrant workers with odds ratio of 3.0.The average incidence age and work time were 37.4 and 5.8 years respectively.72.1% of the cases came from Jiangxi,Sichuan and Chongqing.7.1% and 20.6% of the patients received occupational diseases examination before taking and leaving their jobs respectively.Only 1.7% of the patients had regular occupational disease surveillance.The patients of migrant workers changed their jobs every 2.8 years on average and 58.1% of them had history of working for more than 2 enterprises.Conclusion Regular occupational health surveillance should be implemented for migrant workers.更多还原