【摘要】 以北方杂交粳稻骨干亲本及其组合为材料,采用程氏指数法和微卫星分子标记法,对亲本籼粳成分与杂种产量和稻米品质性状的关系进行了研究。杂交粳稻骨干亲本的程氏指数为13.5～19.3,偏籼系数为0.12～0.38,采用程氏指数和分子标记法对亲本进行籼粳分类的结果并不完全一致。父本程氏指数与产量杂种优势和杂种性状的相关性强于母本,而对于偏籼系数则相反。亲本程氏指数差异与产量杂种优势和杂种性状的相关性强于分子标记差异。亲本籼粳成分及其差异与多数杂种性状和产量杂种优势呈明显的二次曲线关系,存在临界极值;亲本籼粳成分及其差异与杂种产量性状和稻米品质性状的相关性相反。因此,要获得产量杂种优势和杂种表现最佳、高产与优质相结合,父母本籼粳成分应适度搭配。更多还原

【Abstract】 The parental indica-japonica index and hybrid yield and rice quality traits were investigated with the main parents and their combinations of japonica hybrid rice in northern China according to the Cheng’s index(Chi) as well as analysis by molecular markers.Parental Chi and ADi(indica component value) ranged from 13.5-19.3 and 0.12-0.38,respectively.Some parents differed in classification by Chi and ADi.The Chi of male parent showed a closer relationship with heterosis and hybrid traits than that of female parent,but ADi was on the contrary.There was a closer relation between parental difference in Chi and yield heterosis and hybrid traits than that in ADi.The indica-japonica indices of the parents and their difference presented conic relationships to yield heterosis and hybrid traits and there existed a critical extremum.The directions of correlation of indica-japonica index of the parents and their difference with yield-related traits were opposite to those with rice quality traits.Therefore,in order to obtain best yield heterosis and hybrid performance in high yield and good quality,the female and male parents should be properly combined in indica-japonica index.更多还原