【摘要】 大气降水经植被层的截留损失后降落入流域土壤表面,将在土壤界面发生水分的分配和转化,部分水分将会通过土壤孔隙入渗,部分水分会在土壤表面蒸发,其余水分将沿坡面流动汇集形成地表径流。对于一次降水过程来说,降水期间地表水汽含量近于饱和,同时降水历时一般较短,因此土壤表面蒸发量可以忽略不计。本文以2009年2月7-9日河南省118个站点实际观测资料为基础,根据观测降雨前、后土壤含水量,确定由于降雨引起的土壤含水量变化深度,即降雨渗透深度,得到一组降雨量与渗透雨量数据系列,利用实验资料建立降雨与渗透深度相关关系计算区域降雨渗透量;就降水地土壤中的渗透过程和渗透深度作以分析探讨,为各地湿土层厚度分析、农业生产、防汛抗旱与预测提供科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Atmospheric precipitation flows into catchment soil surface after the interception of vegetations,and would be distributed and transformed at the atmosphere-soil interface.Some of them infiltrate into soil,some of them would be evaporated at soil surface and the other would flow together along the slope to form surface runoff.For a rainfall event that is usually short,water vapor content is close to saturation at ground surface;therefore evaporation at soil surface could be neglected.In this paper,observation data on rainfall infiltration of 118 stations on 7-9 Feb,2009 in Henan Province were analyzed.Soil water content before and after rainfall was measured respectively,and the changes of soil water content in soil layers were determined.Then,the depth of rainfall infiltration was derived according to the changes of soil water content.By the two series of rainfall and infiltration depth data,the relationships between them were established.And the relationships were used to calculate infiltrated water volume in the research area.In addition,infiltration process and depth were also analyzed.Results could provide scientific basis for the analysis of wet soil depth,agricultural production,and prediction of flood control and drought relief.更多还原