【摘要】 目的:了解贫困农村孕中、晚期妇女的营养知识、态度和膳食行为,为贫困农村孕妇营养健康教育工作提供依据。方法:采用整群抽样的方法抽取祥云县16个贫困村作为调查点,使用自行设计的问卷对调查点内所有孕中、晚期妇女进行问卷调查。结果:被调查的291名农村孕妇中,仅有3.8%听说过《中国居民膳食指南》和(或)"中国居民膳食宝塔";27.5%的孕妇认为"孕期吃的东西和孩子的健康没有关系";82.8%的孕妇愿意学习营养保健知识,他们希望获取营养知识的途径主要是医生宣教(63.49%)和电视广播(40.59%)。此次调查中孕妇的食物消费以谷类、蔬菜、水果为主;豆类和水果的摄入频率高于其他农村地区,但是鱼虾类、坚果类、内脏血、海产品类的摄入频率甚低,孕妇各类食物的摄入频率与其文化程度、经济收入和经济支配权无关。结论:贫困农村的孕妇营养知识缺乏,膳食结构单一,膳食行为有待改善;孕妇学习营养知识的需求较强,妇幼工作者应主动为孕妇及其家属提供营养保健知识,加强营养教育,促进母婴健康。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To understand the nutritional knowledge and attitude and dietary behavior of poor rural women of middle and late pregnancy,provide a basis for health education of nutrition in poor rural pregnant women.Methods:16 poor villages were selected as investigation sites by cluster sampling method from Xiangyun county,all the women of middle and late pregnancy in the 16 investigation sites were surveyed by a self-designed questionnaire.Results:Among 291 investigated women,3.8% of them knew Dietary Guidelines for Chinese and /or Dietary Pagoda for Chinese;27.5% of them considered that there was no correlation between intakes during pregnancy and health of infants;82.8% of them would like to study nutritional and health knowledge,the main approaches for them to get nutritional knowledge included nutritional education from doctors (63.49%) and television and broadcast (40.59%).The main intakes of pregnant women investigated included cereals,vegetables and fruits;the intake frequencies of beans and fruits were significantly higher than those in the other rural areas,but the intake frequencies of fish,shrimp,nuts,blood from internal organs and marine products were low,there was no correlation between intake frequencies of foods and educational level,economic income and desposition.Conclusion:Deficiency of nutritional knowledge and simpleness of dietary pattern exist in poor rural pregnant women,their dietary behavior need to be improved.The demand of pregnant women for nutritional knowledge is intense,medical staff of maternal and child health should provide nutritional and health knowledge for pregnant women and their family members actively,enhance nutritional education and promote health of mothers and infants.更多还原