【摘要】 2005年和2007年分别从望城县已建立27年的肥力定位试验田内采集土壤样品,测定土壤有机碳(TOC)、全N、速效N、速效P、微生物生物量碳、氮(Cmic、Nmic)及土壤呼吸和酶活性,研究长期施用化肥、猪粪和稻草对土壤化学和生物化学性质的影响.结果表明:长期施用化肥、猪粪和稻草处理的土壤pH值与试验前相比均有所下降,电导率(EC)变化不大.化肥与猪粪、稻草配施处理的TOC、全N、速效N、速效P、土壤呼吸、Cmic、Nmic和酶活性均高于不施肥(CK)和单施化肥处理;化肥与猪粪、稻草配施处理的水稻产量也高于单施化肥处理.在研究期间,NK化肥与猪粪、NPK化肥与稻草配施处理的Cmic/TOC大于相应的单施化肥处理.各处理土壤生物化学性质与TOC和养分含量呈正相关(P<0.01).猪粪、稻草与化肥长期配合施用能显著改善土壤化学和生物化学性质,提高土壤质量和土壤肥力.更多还原

【Abstract】 In 2005 and 2007,soil samples were collected from a 27-year experimental field in Wangcheng County of Hunan Province to study the effects of long-term application of chemical fertilizers(CF) and their combinations with pig manure(PM) and rice straw(RS) on the chemical and biochemical properties of reddish paddy soil(Typic Haplic-Stagnic Anthrosis).Under the fertilization,soil pH had somewhat decrease,and soil conductivity changed less,compared with those before the experiment was installed.The contents of soil total organic carbon(TOC),total N,available N and P,and microbial biomass C(Cmic) and N(Nmic),soil respiration rate,and activities of soil urease,acid phosphatase,invertase,and dehydrogenase were all higher in treatments CF + PM and CF + RS than in treatments CF and CK,and the Cmic/TOC ratio was higher in treatments CF + PM and CF + RS than in treatment CF.During the study period,applying CF alone induced a lower rice yield than the application of CF plus PM or RS.There were significant positive correlations(P<0.01) between soil biochemical properties and soil TOC and nutrient contents.It was concluded that long-term application of CF combined with PM and RS improved the soil chemical and biochemical properties,being an effective measure to improve the quality and fertility of reddish paddy soil.更多还原