【摘要】 用10个油分及不饱和脂肪酸含量差异较大的优良自交系,按(5×5)配成不完全双列杂交组合,研究玉米子粒油分及不饱和脂肪酸性状的遗传效应。结果表明,油分主要受胚、胚乳、细胞质效应的影响;油酸、亚油酸主要受胚、胚乳、母体效应的控制,3个性状均以加性效应占主导地位。α-亚麻酸的胚效应最小,表现为加性效应且遗传率较高。4个性状胚乳、胚的遗传率均较高,且胚乳遗传率大于胚的遗传率。330、素湾1611、ZOL-1可用于提高油分;ZOL-3、ZOL-4、ZOL-5对提高油分和油酸有极显著效果;ZNL-1、330、1072、ZOL-1、ZOL-5可用于提高亚油酸;ZOL-4可作为提高α-亚麻酸的母本;ZOL-1可以同时提高油分、油酸、亚油酸和α-亚麻酸。相关分析表明,油分与油酸极显著正相关(rP=0.612**);油分与亚油酸(rP=-0.504**)、油分与α-亚麻酸极显著负相关(rP=-0.277**),所有成对性状均以胚乳加性相关最强、胚加性相关次之。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ten elite maize inbred lines,which their oil and unsaturated fatty acid content existed a wide variation,were used in incomplete diallel cross(5×5) to analyze genetic effects for oil and unsaturated fatty acid content on maize kernel.The results indicated that oil content were mainly controlled by embryo,endosperm and cytoplasm effects,while embryo,endosperm and maternal effects did in oleic acid and linoleic acid content,and additive effects played an important role on these 3 characters.The embryo effects occupied a little share to the total genetic variance on α-linolenic acid,but it was important for its inheritance,because all represented as embryo additive effect and its heritability was high.The heritability of embryo and endosperm were high,and the heritability of endosperm was higher than that of embryo on these 4 characters.Lines 330,Suwan1611 and ZOL-1 could be used to improve oil content,ZOL-3,ZOL-4 and ZOL-5 could improve oil content and oleic acid content significantly.ZNl-1,330,1072,ZOL-1 and ZOL-5 could be used to enhance linoleic acid content while ZOL-4 used to improve α-linolenic acid as female,ZOL-1 could be used to improve oil,oleic acid,linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid content.There was a significant positive correlation between oil content and oleic acid content(rP=0.612**),and significant negative correlation between oil content and linoleic acid content(rP=-0.504**),oil content and α-linolenic acid content(rP=-0.277**).The strongest correlations were endosperm additive,then the embryo additive for all pair traits.更多还原