【摘要】 郑玄的诗教思想受孟子影响最深的是"以意逆志"法与以史说《诗》。他在笺《诗》的过程中借鉴并吸收了孟子诗教思想的精髓。孟子认为《诗经》是西周王道教化的产物,可以用《诗》来证明历史上曾经存在过的理想王道时代。郑玄接受孟子以史说诗的方法,于《毛诗传笺》中在《诗序》和《毛传》的基础之上总结出了成体系的"正变"说以史释诗。郑玄也继承了孟子"以意逆志"的理论,并加入了他自己的创新,将孟子的"以意逆志"法上升为以"美刺"释《诗》。他将《诗经》所处的时代背景和政治背景置于解诗的过程之中,从而推求和诠释诗人之志,赋予"以意逆志"更为深广的内涵。更多还原

【Abstract】 Zheng Xuan’s thought on poetry education is deeply influenced by Mencius’"sympathetic under-standing"practice and explaining The Book of Songs by history.In his commentary of The Book of Songs,Zheng drew the essence of Mencius’ poetry education.The masterpiece,in Mencius’view,remained the prod-uct from bildung of Wang Dao and illustrated the ideal eras that ever existed in history.Zheng Xuan accepted Mencius’method of explaining poetry with history,and summed up a systematic"Zhengbian theory"to demon-strate poetry with history,with the basis of The Preface of Mao Poem and Mao Zhuan in Mao Shi Zhuan Jian.While carrying out Mencius’thoughts of"sympathetic understanding",he also took his innovation,that is,up-grading this Mencius’s thoughts to explaining The Book of Songs with"praise and satire".He fused the era and political backgrounds of The Book of Songs into his poetical explanation,thereby ascertaining and explaining poets’ original ideas to endow wider connotations for"sympathetic understanding".更多还原