【摘要】 本研究选用来自不同地方的5个香型软米水稻和自育稳定的6个香型软米保持系作材料,对其11个主要经济性状进行差异性、主成分和聚类分析,研究不同来源香型软米间的遗传差异及其对杂种F1产量的影响。结果表明,香型软米遗传基础丰富,不同品种的香型软米间遗传差异显著,地方香型软米资源比保持系间的遗传差异显著,11个性状主成分分析,第一主成分是穗粒数和穗实粒数,第二主成分是全生育期,第三主成分是千粒重,累计贡献率达82.06%;通过聚类分析,所有保持系资源和部分地方品种资源归为第一类,八宝谷和豪木允分别归为第二类和第三类;地方资源与保持系材料间的遗传距离与杂种F1产量优势相关不密切;品种间各亲本产量及其亲本产量差异与杂种F1产量优势相关不太显著。同时还进一步讨论在水稻优质育种中如何利用品质优异的香型软米资源,杂交亲本遗传差异与杂种F1产量优势的相关性以及杂交水稻亲本遗传差异与优质杂交水稻亲本选配及其改良方法的利用等问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using 11 aromatic soft rice including 5 from different places and 6 from self-sterile and stable maintenance lines as materials,the difference,principal component and cluster analysis of the 11 agrinomic characters of aromatic soft rice were carried out,and the genetic diversity of aromatic soft rice from different sources and its relationship to the yield of F1 hybrids was further studied.The results showed that the aromatic soft rice had wealth genetic background,and significant genetic diversity existed in diffenent varieties of aromatic soft rice,and that genetic diversity in local varieties was significant than that in varieties of maintenance line.In the principal component analysis of 11 agrinomic characters,the first principal component was the grain number and panicle grains,the second was the growth period,the third was grain weight,and the total contribution rate was 82.06 %.By cluster analysis,all the resources of maintenance line and some local varieties falled into the first cluster,Babaogu and Haomuxun were classified as the second and third cluster separately.It was concluded that the genetic distance between local resources and maintenance line,parental production of each varieties and the yield difference between parent of each varieties were not closely related to yield advantage of F1 hybrids.The utilization of aromatic soft rice resources with good quality,the genetic diversity of hybrid in rice,and the relativity between genetic diversity of hybrid and heterosis of yield were further discussed to select the hybrid rice varieties with good quality.更多还原