【摘要】 [目的]对某蓄电池厂415名铅作业工人进行尿铅检测分析,了解该蓄电池厂工人体内铅负荷情况,筛查观察对象,为制定切实可行的预防措施提供依据。[方法]收集415名铅作业工人晨尿,按照WS/T17-1996方法进行尿铅检测。参照GBZ37-2002《职业性慢性铅中毒诊断标准》,尿铅≥0.07mg/L为超标(即观察对象限值),比较不同车间、性别、年龄段间尿铅超标率的差异。[结果]415名铅作业工人尿铅均数为(0.077±0.099)mg/L,超标人数92人,超标率为22.17%。合金车间、化成车间、制板车间、成品车间的工人尿铅超标率分别为37.50%、16.07%、16.25%、33.07%,其超标率差异有统计学意义(χ2=16.59,P=0.001)。男女工人尿铅超标率分别为24.66%和16.26%,但差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.537,P=0.060)。年龄段越大,超标率越高,但差异无统计学意义(χ2=10.109,P=0.072)。[结论]某蓄电池厂铅作业工人尿铅超标明显;合金车间、成品车间工人的尿铅超标率较高;男性工人尿铅超标率高于女性;工人尿铅超标率有随年龄段增大而增高的趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] To understand the lead load of the body and screen the subjects, and provide evidence for practical prevention measures. [Methods] We collected the urina sanguinis of the 415 lead-exposed workers, and then tested the urine lead, according to WS\T17-1996. Worker’s urine lead which exceeded 0.07mg / l was diagnosed as subjects by occupational diagnostic criteria for chronic lead poisoning GBZ37-2002.We compared the difference in exceeded rate of the lead urine between different workshops, genders and age groups. [Results] The average of the urine lead of 415 workers was (0.077± 0.099) mg / l. The exceeded number was 92.The exceeded rate was 22.17%.The exceeded rate of workers in alloy workshop, chemical workshop, board making workshop, and assembling workshop were 37.5%, 16.07%, 16.25%, 33.07% respectively; the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 16.59, P = 0.001). The exceeded rates of man and women were 24.66% , 16.26% respectively, but the difference was not statistically significant. The older the age group was, the higher the exceeded rate was .But the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 10.109, P = 0.072). [Conclusion] It is obvious there is a large number of lead-exposed workers who’ s urine lead exceed the limits in battery factories. The urine lead of workers in the alloy workshop, assembling workshop are higher than that of others, and the urine lead of the man is higher than that of women.更多还原