【摘要】 [目的]了解重庆市吸毒人群中HCV和HIV感染状况及吸毒方式、吸毒时间等与HCV和HIV感染的关系,为制定干预措施提供科学依据。[方法]以重庆市渝中区、渝北区、江北区、巴南区、南岸区、合川区、万盛区、永川区、开县、大足县的美沙酮维持治疗门诊(MMT)收治的870名吸毒患者作为调查对象,制定统一的调查问卷进行调查,并采集静脉血进行HCV抗体和HIV抗体检测。[结果]870名吸毒患者中男性占75.5%,女性占25.5%,总的HCV抗体阳性率为77.24%,女性阳性率(79.8%)略高于男性(76.4%),但无统计学意义(χ2=1.06,P=0.31),年龄组之间差异无显著性(χ2=7.69,P=0.10),文化程度组之间差异无统计学意义(χ2=5.06,P=0.17)。单纯注射吸毒者的HCV抗体阳性率为83.15%,口吸或烫吸者的抗-HCV阳性率为46.97%,混合吸毒者的HCV抗体阳性率为65.00%,各组之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=84.76,P﹤0.001)。共用注射器者的HCV抗体阳性率为88.27%,不共用者的HCV抗体阳性率为74.04%,两组之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.49,P﹤0.001)。有720名吸毒者完成了HIV抗体检测,其中31名确认HIV阳性,HIV阳性检出率为4.3%。HIV阳性者中有27名HCV抗体阳性,HIV/HCV混合感染率为87.10%;HCV/HIV混合感染者与共用过注射器有关。[结论]重庆市吸毒人群的HCV、HIV感染率高,文化程度低,吸毒时间长。共用注射器等高危因素存在普遍。应当采取综合干预措施,控制HCV、HIV传播,降低感染率。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] To find out the condition of hepatitis C viral and human immunodeficiency virus infection among drug users,the relationship between drug approach or drug time and HCV / HIV infection. And to provide scientific basis for intervention study. [Methods] This investigation included methadone maintenance therapy out-patients with drug abuse from Chongqing Central,Yubei,Jiangbei,Banan,South Shore,Hechuan,Wansheng,Yongchuan District,and Kaixian,Dazu County. A total of 870 drug users were investigated with unified questionnaire and provided venous blood to test their HIV anti-body,HCV antibody and the detection results were analyzed. [Results] Men accounted for 75.5 percent and the women accounted for 25.5 percent among the 870 patients with drug addicts. The overall anti-HCV positive rate was 77.24 percent. The positive rate for women 79.8 percent was slightly higher than men 76.4 percent,but not statistically significant (χ2 = 1.06,P = 0.31). The difference between the age groups was not significant (χ2 = 7.69,P = 0.10). There was no significant difference between Education groups (χ2 = 5.06,P = 0.17). The positive rate of simple injection was 83.15 percent,significantly higher than that of smoking or iron absorption 46.97 percent,mixed 65.00 percent (χ2 = 84.76,P﹤0.001). The HCV infection rate of ones’ sharing of syringes was significantly higher than those who did not share (χ2 = 17.49,P﹤0.001). 720 drug users accepted HIV antibody test,and 31 was confirmed HIV-positive among them,HIV positive rate was 4.3%. 27 people was confirmed with HCV antibody positive in all HIV-positive people,and the HIV / HCV coinfection rate was 87.10%.HCV / HIV coinfection associated with sharing syringes. [Conclusion] HCV and HIV infection rates are high among drug users in Chongqing city,who have low education level and a long time of drug abuse. The high-risk factors such as sharing of syringes,low utilization rate of condoms are in general. We should take an integrated intervention measures to control spread of HCV,HIV and reduce the infection rate.更多还原