【摘要】 关于圆轴自由扭转时横截面上的应力分布,弹塑性力学给出的弹塑性解与大量金属材料的扭转实验结果存在众多分歧。针对这一问题,通过分析材料在弹塑性变形阶段弹性变形和塑性变形对应的细观机理,根据最小变形能原理,给出了弹塑性小变形时,圆轴扭转横截面上任一点处的切应力和弹性切应变的分布规律。结果表明,圆轴扭转时小塑性变形的出现,并不影响材料的弹性性质,也不改变构件内弹性变形的分布规律,即在弹塑性小变形条件下,圆轴扭转横截面上任一点处的切应力、弹性切应变的大小仍与该点到圆心的距离成正比,亦即仍呈现出与弹性变形时相同的分布规律。更多还原

【Abstract】 As far as the stress distribution on the cross section with circular shaft free torsion is concerned,there are numerous differences between the elastoplasticity solutions given by elastoplasticity mechanics and the results obtained from torsion experiments of a bulk of metal materials.Aiming at this problem,via the analysis of elastic deformation of materials in the elastoplasticity deformation stage and the plastic deformation corresponding to the microscopic mechanisms and based on the minimum deformation energy principle,this paper suggests the distribution laws of tangential stress and elastic tangential strain of any point on the circular shaft torsion cross section in the case of elastic minimum deformation.The results indicate that the appearance of small plastic deformation in the case of circular shaft torsion can neither affect the elastic properties of materials nor change the distribution laws of elastic deformation within the member parts,that is,in the case of the elastoplasticity minimum deformation,the tangential stress of any point on the cross section of circular shaft torsion and the distribution laws of elastic tangential strain are in the positive proportional to the distance of circular center,whereby still appearing to have the same distribution laws in the case of elastic deformation.更多还原