【摘要】 为了能够找到CA跟驰模型无法对道路的通行能力进行准确分析的原因,并对之进行改进,分别从时间安全余量和空间安全余量的角度对CA跟驰模型进行了分析。结果表明:由于传统CA模型的跟驰间距是在临界跟驰间距的基础上添加一个空间安全余量,因此在车辆低速时,CA模型推出的跟驰间距会大于现实数据,而在车辆高速时,CA模型推出的跟驰间距又会小于现实数据,从而导致CA模型在分析交通通行能力时不准确;而将模型的安全余量加在时间上,则可以在车辆中、低速条件下有效地克服传统CA模型的不足之处,其仿真数据与实地采集的数据,在车流速度不超过60 km/h时有较好的吻合度。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to find out the reason why CA(collision avoidance) car following model can not be applied to analyze the traffic capacity accurately and the way to modify this model,CA model was theoretically analyzed from the perspective of distance safety margin and time safety margin respectively.The result indicates that as the conventional CA model applied its safety margin on distance,the following interval derived from conventional CA model would be smaller than field data under the condition of low speed,while it would be larger than field data under the condition of high speed,and it made CA model can not be applied to analyze traffic capacity accurately.To apply the safety margin on time can overcome the shortcoming of conventional CA model under the condition of low and medium speed,and the simulation data matches the field data well when the speed of traffic flow is not larger than 60 km/h.1 fig,11 refs.更多还原