【摘要】 随着以单个光子作为信息载体的量子通信和量子加密技术的兴起,近红外单光子探测技术受到了广泛关注.近红外单光子探测系统具有极高的灵敏度,所以它还可以胜任探测其它近红外波段微弱光信号的任务.半导体雪崩光电二极管是当前最成熟的近红外单光子探测系统的核心元器件;文章阐明了雪崩光电二极管的暗电流和击穿电压对单光子探测的影响,同时还讨论了工作温度、直流偏置、门信号性质和计数阈值等系统参数之间相互制约的关系.更多还原

【Abstract】 Near-infrared single-photon detection has attracted much interest for its wide application,especially in quantum teleportation and quantum encryption,which utilize the quantum nature of single photons.Actually,because of their high sensitivity,single-photon detectors can be employed wherever very weak light needs to be measured.The most developed near-infrared detection systems to date are based on the semiconductor avalanche photodiode,the key component.In this paper the parameters of the avalanche photodiode such as dark current and breakdown voltage are described,and the effect and tradeoff relationships between the system parameters including operation temperature,DC bias,gate bias,and threshold are discussed.更多还原