【摘要】 低矮建筑通常都是成群出现的,周边建筑对被包围建筑的风荷载存在干扰效应。通过刚性模型表面测压风洞试验对被同类周边建筑所包围的平屋面低矮建筑表面风压系数进行测量,分析周边建筑的建筑面积密度、相对高度及排列方式对被包围建筑平屋面上的最大局部负风压及最大屋面升力的干扰因子的影响。试验结果显示,最大局部负风压的干扰因子除少数周边建筑面积密度很低或相对高度较矮时大于1.0外,多数情况下都小于1.0;所有存在周边建筑的试验工况中最大屋面升力的干扰因子总是小于1.0;两个干扰因子都随周边建筑面积密度的增大而减小;当周边建筑的相对高度小于1.0时,两个干扰因子都随周边建筑相对高度的增大而减小,但当周边建筑的相对高度大于1.0时,两个干扰因子对周边建筑相对高度的变化不敏感。基于上述试验结果,将两个干扰因子拟合成周边建筑面积密度及相对高度的函数形式,为低矮建筑的设计提供依据,为建筑结构荷载规范的修订提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Low-rise buildings often appear in clusters. Wind loads on low-rise buildings are affected by the surrounding buildings. According to a series of pressure measurements in wind tunnel test,the effects of area density,relative height and array pattern of surrounding buildings on the interference factor of maximum negative local wind pressure and the effect of maximum wind force on the entire roof of a surrounding building are studied. The test results indicate that the interference factors of maximum negative local wind pressure for most test cases are less than 1.0 except for cases with lower area density or smaller relative heights of the surrounding buildings. Wind force on the roof of surrounded buildings for all test cases is less than that of an isolated building. Interference factors of maximum negative local wind pressure and maximum wind force decrease with area density of surrounding buildings. These two interference factors decrease with relative heights of surrounding buildings when the relative heights are less than 1.0,and become insensitive to relative heights larger than 1.0. Based on above test data,two fitted equations of interference factors are provided for reference in design of low-rise buildings.更多还原