【摘要】 采用自行研制的全波长聚能型压电超声换能器及变幅杆浸入式反应器,对原油油样进行了超声降黏处理,测定了黏-温曲线。分析超声处理时间、换能器工作电流和含水率对原油超声降黏效果的影响。结果表明:当超声处理时间为3min及换能器工作电流为0.36A时,油样在温度为25℃、黏度低达200mPa.s时能够维持原油常温下的连续输送。但当超声处理时间过长时,原油黏度反而升高。其中,含水率为60%和75%的原油经超声处理后,降黏率大于60%。采用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了不同参数条件下的蜡晶形态,证明了原油超声降黏的可行性和不可回复性,为超声降黏装置的研制提供了理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 A series of experiments on the ultrasonic treatment of viscosity-reduction for crude oil were carried out using the whole-wave length power-collecting piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer developed by the authors and the horn-dipping reactor.The effects of the ultrasonic treatment parameters,such as treatment time,current of the transducer in operation and water cut,on the viscosity-reduction efficiency of crude oil were analyzed.A set of viscosity-temperature curves were obtained.The transportation of crude oil can be maintained continuously when the treatment time is three minutes,the transducer current is 0.36 A and the oil viscosity is 200 mPa·s at 25 ℃.However,the viscosity of crude oil will be high when the ultrasonic treatment takes longer time than the proposed time.The experiments showed that the viscosity-reduction rate was over 60% after ultrasonic treatment for crude oil with water cut 60% and 75%,respectively.The paraffin crystals morphology under the different parameters was observed using the scanning electron microscopy.It is demonstrated that the ultrasonic treatment method can get good effectiveness,and the reduced viscosity of crude oil is non-recoverable.更多还原