【摘要】 目的了解大学生H1N1流感相关的知识、态度和行为状况,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法采用自行设计的"北京市高校新生甲型H1N1流感知信行调查问卷",选择4所北京市高校进行调查。结果共回收有效问卷787份,甲型H1N1流感知识21分,被调查学生得分平均为(8.9±1.8)分;不同性别、不同生源的学生的知识得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各专业之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);82.7%(651/787)的学生认为在甲型H1N1流感流行期间,"我应该多了解相关知识,提高防范意识,加强防护措施",如果出现了甲型H1N1流感相关症状,87.0%(685/787)的学生选择"立即去医疗机构诊断排查",90.1%(709/787)的学生会劝说出现了甲型H1N1流感相关症状的舍友去医院就诊,71.4%(562/787)的学生愿意接受甲型H1N1流感疫苗接种。不同学校、不同性别的学生之间对待H1N1流感疫苗接种态度的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同专业之间的学生对待H1N1流感疫苗接种的态度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);大学生最希望获得甲型H1N1流感知识的信息渠道依次为电视台、手机短信、报纸、讲座和纸质宣传材料。结论接受调查的学生正确预防H1N1流感的比例普遍较高,但尚存在部分知识掌握不确切、对流感疫苗接受度差等问题,有必要针对该人群的特点开展有针对性的健康教育工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To assess knowledge,attitude and behavior concerning influenza A (H1N1) among freshmen in four universities in Beijing. Methods 796 freshmen from four universities were selected as a convenient sample in Haidian district,Beijing,China. Information in freshmen’s knowledge,attitude and behaviors concerning influenza A (H1N1) prevention and control was collected by using a self-designed questionnaire. Results A total of 796 valid questionnaires were collected. The average score in knowledge was (8.9±1.8)(the total score is 21). There was no significant difference between males and females,and among residential areas. However,there was significant difference among majors. 82.7% of the students reported the need for influenza A information; 87.0 % would choose to see the doctor for diagnostic investigation immediately if symptoms of influenza appear; 90.1 % of the students would persuade roommates who had influenza symptoms to the hospital for treatment; 71.4 % of students would accept influenza A vaccination. There were no significant differences in attitudes to vaccination among schools and between genders. No significant difference was noted in attitudes towards vaccination among majors. The most popular sources of information regarding influenza prevention and control were TV (53.5 %,421/787),massages via cell phone (49.7 %,391/787),newspapers (44.0 %,346/787),lectures (48.4 %,381/787),and hand-out educational materials (42.4 %,334/787). Conclusion Most of the students had adequate knowledge,and appropriate practice in influenza prevention and control. However,some students were still short of knowledge and were reluctant to acceptance of vaccination. Thus,targeted health education is needed among university freshmen.更多还原