【摘要】 目的分析中国狂犬病病毒(RV)的遗传多样性,为我国狂犬病的预防提供理论依据。方法采用RT-PCR技术扩增26株RVN基因,并进行测序,与GenBank登录的序列进行比对,构建进化树,分析RV的基因分型和分组情况以及时间和空间的动态进化。结果中国RV分为2个大的进化分支(8组),分支Ⅰ包括1～4组,分支Ⅱ包括5～8组,组内核苷酸同源性≥93.2%,氨基酸同源性≥94.3%;组间核苷酸差异性≥8.0%,氨基酸差异性≥1.7%;运用贝叶斯中的马尔科夫链的蒙特卡洛方法,估计中国RVN基因核苷酸的平均碱基替代率为1.4089×10-4取代/位点·年,共同祖先出现在公元968年。结论中国狂犬病病毒株均属于基因1型狂犬病病毒,存在跨地域、跨宿主传播;我国分支Ⅰ狂犬病病毒株与泰国、越南、菲律宾、印度尼西亚、马来西亚等东南亚国家分离的狂犬病病毒株起源相同;分支Ⅱ的毒株在全球分布。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the genetic diversity of rabies virus(RV)isolates in China and provide a theoretical basis for prevention of rabies.Methods The N genes of 26 RV isolates were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced,and the results were compared with those reported in GenBank,based on which a phylogenetic tree was plotted,and the genotype,genome as well as dynamic evolution in various times and spaces were analyzed.Results The available Chinese isolates of RV could be divided into two distinct clades,i.e.phylogroup clade Ⅰcomprising Chinese 1 ～ 4 groups and phylogroup clade Ⅱ comprising Chinese 5～8 groups.The intra-group homologies of nucleotides and amino acids were not less than 93.2% and not less than 94.3%,while the inter-group divergences were not less than 8.0% and not less than 1.7%,respectively.Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)analysis suggested that Chinese RV arose in 968 AD,and its annual mean nucleotide substitution rate for N gene was 1.4089 × 10-4 per site.Conclusion All the Chinese RV isolates are Lyssavirus genotype 1,which migrate among various regions and reservoir hosts.The isolates of phylogroup clade Ⅰ are in the same phylogenetic clades with those isolated in the countries in Southeast Asia,such as Thailand,Vietnam,Indonesia,Philippines and Malaysia,while those of phylogroup clade Ⅱ are found in many parts of the world.更多还原