【摘要】 目的:伞菌物种以子实体形态特征为分类依据,研究以菌丝体代替子实体进行种质资源鉴定的遗传证据。方法:以常见的食用伞菌香菇、平菇子实体的不同部位组织及其分离菌丝体为供试材料,制备了12个随机引物介导的RAPD-PCR指纹,把DNA指纹图谱转化为简易的序列数据,经生物信息处理软件比较分析。结果:香菇不同菌株子实体DNA相似性系数在0.886～0.986之间,平菇不同菌株子实体DNA相似系数在0.779～0.976之间。对于供试的单个子实体而言,香菇和平菇子实体的菌盖、菌褶、菌柄及其组织分离菌丝体,与以此为菌种栽培得到的子实体相比较,所获得的有限DNA指纹图谱全部相同。结论:揭示了香菇和平菇不同菌株的遗传多样性,初步反映了伞菌不同发育阶段在分子水平上的遗传变异和亲缘关系,争论了以菌丝体代替子实体使用RAPD手段进行种质资源鉴定与系统发育分析引出的真菌遗传问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:DNA homogeneity in the edible fungi was studied to identify genetic relationship between basidiocarps and their mycelia from gill fungi.Method:The DNA fingerprintings were compared mutually among different tissues of basidiocarps and their mycelial isolates of Lentinula edodes and Pleurotus ostreatus mushrooms in the studies.Result:The results showed that there were same DNA fingerprinting patterns among pileus(including lamellae),lamellae,and stipe from one Lentinula edodes or Pleurotus ostreatus basidiocarp,and between the mycelial isolates and their original carpophores.However,there were a little DNA variation among basidiocarps of different source,and their similarity coefficients varied from 0.886 to 0.986 for Lentinula edodes mushrooms tested,and from 0.779 to 0.976 for Pleurotus ostreatus mushrooms tested with different colors and source.Conclusion:The RAPD(Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA)-PCR analyses using 12 arbitrary decamer nucleotide primers demonstrated that there exists DNA homogeneity in the edible fungi Lentinula edodes and Pleurotus ostreatus mushrooms,which provides the genetic basis for mycelial isolates identification by DNA fingerprinting comparison between isolates and their original carpophores.The results also indicated that Lentinula edodes mushrooms tested and their mycelial spawn kept the constant DNA fingerprinting patterns in the ins and outs of cultivation.更多还原