【摘要】 目的:探讨肺不张支气管镜下特点与临床各因素的相关性。方法:回顾性分析1359例肺不张患者的临床资料和支气管镜下表现。结果:(1)1359例患者经支气管镜等检查明确病因1294例,支气管镜总诊断率为95.2%,其中肿瘤确诊率为85.9%;(2)男性、中老年或重度吸烟肺不张者中最多见的镜下表现是腔内菜花样肿物,女性、青年或不吸烟肺不张者则以管腔瘢痕狭窄闭塞为主;(3)腔内菜花样肿物多见于双上叶,左上叶明显多于右上叶;脓性分泌物者以右中叶居多;(4)镜下表现为菜花样或息肉样肿物者多提示为肿瘤(74.5%),其中又以鳞癌居多(55.4%);而表现为瘢痕狭窄或闭塞者多为结核(80.6%),脓性/稀薄或血性分泌物者则多为炎症表现(92.9%)。结论:支气管镜是一种明确肺不张病因的重要手段。不同性别、年龄、吸烟量和病理类型肺不张者支气管镜下表现各异。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the association between bronchoscopic feature and some clinical factors in patients with pulmonary atelectasis.Methods:Review retrospectively the clinical data and bronchoscopic manifestation in 1359 patients with atelectasis.Result:(1) The cause for atelectasis was identified in 1294 of 1359 patients by bronchoscope and other methods.The total diagnostic rate of bronchoscopy was 95.2% ,among which the rate of tumor was 85.9% .(2) The most common bronchoscopic manifestation in male,middle-aged and elderly patients or heavy smokers was the cauliflower-like mass in bronchial lumen,while the manifestation was the cicatricial construction and obturation in female,youth or no-smokers.(3) The cauliflower mass in lumen was prone to grow at bilateral lung upper lobes and the purulent secretion was seen frequently at the right middle lobe.(4) The manifestation of cauliflower-like or polypoid-like mass in lumen was usually indicative to tumor (74.5%) of which squamous carcinoma (55.4%) took the first place.The bronchial cicatricial construction or obturation was always shown in patients with tuberculosis (80.6%),and the purulence or dilute or hematodes secretion mostly in inflammation (92.9% ).Conclusion:Bronchoscopy plays an important role in etiological diagnosis of pulmonary atelectasis;Different age,sex,amount of smoking and pathologic categories for atelectasis showed a great diversity of manifestation under bronchoscope.更多还原