【摘要】 采用半静态水质接触染毒法,研究不同浓度(0、3.2、5.6、7.5、10.0和18.0μg.-1)阿维菌素对鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)肝胰脏和肌肉过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GSTs)活性的影响。结果表明:除3.2μg.L-1浓度对CAT和GSTs活性无显著影响外,其余各浓度的阿维菌素均对鲤鱼组织中CAT和GSTs产生显著影响,总体表现为低浓度诱导,高浓度先诱导后抑制;5.6和7.5μg.L-1浓度组的肌肉CAT活性与对照组相比无显著差异,肝胰脏CAT活性以及肌肉和肝胰脏GSTs活性均显著升高;10.0和18.0μg.L-1浓度组的肌肉和肝胰脏中CAT、GSTs活性先显著升高,随后又显著下降;解除污染胁迫10d,18.0μg.L-1浓度组的肝胰脏中酶活性不能恢复到正常水平,其余各组与对照无显著差异,说明高浓度阿维菌素暴露可能对鲤鱼机体造成不可逆损伤;阿维菌素暴露浓度与其对鲤鱼肝胰脏和肌肉CAT、GSTs活性抑制率之间具有显著的剂量-效应关系,可以考虑将其作为水体中阿维菌素类药物污染的生物标志物;同时,由于鲤鱼受污染胁迫时肌肉CAT、GSTs活性变化的显著性均远低于肝胰脏,因此当考虑用CAT或GSTs作为生物标志物对水体中阿维菌素污染强度进行检测时,肝胰脏是比较理想的取样器官。更多还原

【Abstract】 A laboratory experiment was conducted to study the effects of different concentration (0,3.2,5.6,7.5,10.0,and 18.0 μg·L-1) avermectin on the catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GSTs) activities of common carp (Cyprinus carpio).Both the CAT and the GSTs activities in the muscle and liver-pancreas of common carp in all but 3.2 μg·L-1 dose groups were significantly affected.The enzyme activities were induced when the avermectin concentration was low,but inhibited when the avermectin concentration was high.The CAT activity in the muscle of common carp in 5.6 μg·L-1 and 7.5 μg·L-1 dose groups had little difference with the control,but the CAT activity in the liver-pancreas and the GSTs activity in the muscle and liver-pancreas of common carp in 5.6 μg·L-1 and 7.5 μg·L-1 dose groups increased significantly,compared with the control.Both the CAT and the GSTs activities in the muscle and liver-pancreas of common carp in 10.0 μg·L-1 and 18.0 μg·L-1 dose groups had a significant increase first,and decreased significantly then.When the common carp was transferred to aquaria with no avermectin for 10 days,both the CAT and the GSTs activities in the muscle and liver-pancreas of the common carp in all dose groups except in 18.0 μg·L-1 dose group were recovered to the levels of the control group,which meant that high concentration avermectin might have an irreversible damage to the fish.There existed dose-effect relationships between the avermectin concentration and the CAT and GSTs activities in the muscle and liver-pancreas of common carp,suggesting that the CAT and GSTs activities in the muscle and liver-pancreas of common carp could be used as the biomarkers to monitor the avermectin pollution of water body.Meanwhile,the CAT and GSTs activities in the liver-pancreas of common carp exposed to avermectin changed much more markedly than those in the muscle,and thus,the liver-pancreas was the better sampling organ when the CAT and GSTs activities were used as the biomarkers.更多还原