【摘要】 1996-2008年6月份,对辽宁双台河口国家级自然保护区黑嘴鸥使用特定编码的彩色旗标,共标记2820只。其中成鸟31只,幼鸟2789只。根据23个越冬地点2729条彩色旗标的重见记录,推测辽宁双台河口黑嘴鸥的迁徙路线主要有两条:一条向东迁徙至韩国西南沿海及日本西部沿海越冬;另一条向南迁徙至我国天津以南的东部沿海,包括台湾西部沿海越冬。依据1996-2007年双台河口标记的黑嘴鸥幼鸟当年在日本西部沿海重见记录,计算12a间其相对生存率为(7.77±4.00)%(1.67%-14.89%)。其中1997、2001、2004、2006和2007年的相对生存率均低于平均水平,特别是2006年达到12年来的最低值(1.67%)。采用MARK软件中的Cormack-Jolly-Seber(CJS)模型,估计黑嘴鸥亚成体和成体的年生存率分别为0.613±0.058和0.746±0.042,重见率分别为0.897±0.04和0.799±0.053。亚成体较成体的重见率高,可能与亚成体到达越冬地相对比较集群有关。同时建议开展更多的彩色旗标观察活动,便于进一步了解同一越冬地中不同年龄段黑嘴鸥的移动规律。更多还原

【Abstract】 A total of 2820 Saunders’s Gulls Larus saundersi,including 31 adults and 2789 fledglings,were marked with individually coded flags at Shuangtaihekou National Nature Reserve in June each year from 1996 to 2008.Based on 2729 resighting records in 23 wintering sites,two migration routes of Saunders’ s Gulls breeding at Shuangtaihekou were suggested:migrate eastwards to winter in the southwestern coast of South Korea and the western coast of Japan;and migrate southwards to winter along the coast from Tianjin to eastern seas of China,including western coast of Taiwan.The overall annual chick survival rate of(7.77 ± 4.00) % were estimated from 1996-2007,ranging from 1.67%-14.89%.During the study period,relative survival rates in 1997,2001,2004,2006 and 2007 were lower than the average,with the lowest of 1.67% in 2006.Using the Cormack-Jolly-Seber(CSJ) model of the software MARK,average annual survival rates of 0.613 ± 0.058 and 0.746 ± 0.042 and average annual resighting rates of 0.897 ± 0.04 and 0.799 ± 0.053 were estimated,respectively,for sub-adults and adults.Higher resighting rate of sub-adults over adults possibly was because the sub-adults intended to form large flocks during the wintering.We recommend the resighting effort be made as much as possible in the future,so to understand the winter movement among the gulls at different ages.更多还原