【摘要】 在军备控制思想中,有许多以道德伦理为出发点的规范,禁忌是其中最为强烈的禁止性社会规范。作者界定了禁忌的含义与起源,讨论了禁忌发挥作用的方式和层次,并分别考察了禁忌在生化武器、核武器和常规武器等领域对军备控制发展的影响。形成禁忌的关键因素是让人类对某些武器及其使用产生强烈的恐惧。在军备领域,除了技术因素,社会文化因素的建构发挥着更为重要的作用。通过宣传来塑造人们对武器杀伤力和杀伤机理的厌恶感,可以建构和强化对这种武器的禁忌。禁忌会使得决策者超越单纯的物质利益计算,做出军备控制的决策,从而在国际、国家和次国家行为体三个层次约束相关的军备行为,推动军备控制的发展和深入。在生化武器、核武器和常规武器这三个不同的领域中,那些被主流话语塑造了恐怖形象的武器及其相关行为会逐渐成为禁忌的内容,更容易受到限制。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taboos are very strong prohibitive social norms. In the domain of arms control, taboos can be constructed and strengthened by stigmatizing the power and killing mechanism of specific weapons. Consequently the taboo can restrain some behaviors related to these weapons at international, national and sub-state levels and therefore promote the development of arms control. In chemical, biological, nuclear and conventional areas, the weapons that have terrible images in the main discourses are more likely to be included into various taboos and to be controlled.更多还原