【摘要】 结合梅河口市商品粮基地1980-2007年的农业统计数据及气象站点近30a的气候数据,分析了梅河口市粮食生产的各类影响因子,结果发现粮食总产的变化主要取决于作物种植结构的调整和平均单产的波动。1980-1995年,在粮食总产量构成中,水稻和玉米所占比例变化较大,玉米产量呈逐年增加的趋势;1995年以后玉米产量占据了主导地位,占了50%以上;单产的波动也较大,各种粮食作物单产基本呈逐步增长的趋势,玉米增幅最大,达到41.21%,其次为水稻,为39.78%,大豆为34.93%。同时通过对近30a的粮食单产量与当年4-9月的平均降雨、积温、农田有效灌溉面积、化肥的消耗量等要素进行相关性分析得出:影响梅河口市粮食产量丰歉的主要因子是4-9月份的积温、化肥的消耗量及农田有效灌溉面积。图6,表3,参16。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the agricultural statistic data and weather monitoring data from years of 1980 to 2007,this paper analyzed the influ-encing factors of grain yields in Meihekou city.The results showed that the fluctuation of the total grain yield was mainly attributed by the fluctuation of average total grain yield per unit and the structural adjustment of planting structure.From 1980 to 1995,the propor-tions of rice and corn yields to total grain yield have been changed sharply.The corn yield showed the increasing tendency year by year,and has become the main proportion(above 50%) of total grain yield since 1995.The yield per unit changed greatly during the 30 years,and showed the increasing tendency for the main crops The corn showed the most sharp increase(41.21%),next of the rice(39.78%),and lowest for the soybean(34.93%).This paper also analyzed the correlation between grain yield per unit and several influencing factors(from April to September) of average precipitation,accumulative temperature,effective irrigated arable land area,fertilizer consumption,and the results indicated that the accumulative temperature was the major meteorological factor,and fertilizer consumption and irrigation arable land area were the main social factors that influence grain yields in Meihekou city.更多还原