【摘要】 内蒙古河套灌区是我国3个特大型灌区之一,该地区共有渠道8 365条,渠系水利用系数仅为0.42,渠道防渗节水有较大潜力。该地区干旱寒冷、盐渍化严重,普通防渗材料有一定局限性,GCL为防渗新材料,有防渗效果好、施工简单、抗冻胀性能好等优点,研究GCL在该地区的适用性有重要的意义。本文针对GCL在内蒙古河套灌区渠道防渗的适用性进行了研究;研究表明,离子、浓度、初始水化液水质对GCL渗透系数有一定的影响,溶液矿化度由0.5g/L增大到10g/L时,钙、镁、钾、钠离子溶液对应渗透系数约增大1 000倍、100倍、30倍、100倍。用自来水进行预先充分水化,则渗透系数减小100倍。GCL在该地区用于渠道防渗,离子及冻融作用会对防渗效果有一定影响,但影响较小,可满足渠道防渗要求,提高渠道水利用系数。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hetao Irrigation District is one of the three largest districts in China.The district with the total of canals is 8,365;the coefficient of water efficiency in canal system only is 0.42;the seepage control of canal is of great potential for water saving.The general material of seepage control is of some limitation in the district due to the district located in arid cold area and with salinization hazard.The GCL is a new material for seepage control,and it is of the characteristics of better efficiency of seepage control,simple building,and better performance of freezing resistance and so on.So research the applicability of the GCL is a great significance in the district.This research was carried out on the applicability of GCL for seepage control of canal in Hetao Irrigation District.The results obtained from this study indicated that the ions,concentration,and water quality of initial liquefactions impacted obviously on the infiltration coefficient,these influences were that the infiltration coefficient increasing with the mineralization degree from 0.5g/l to 10g/l was about 1000 times for the calcium ion solution,100 times for magnesium ion,30 times for potassium ion solution,and 100 times for sodium ion solution,respectively.However,if the initial liquefaction was tap water,the infiltration coefficient decreased to 100 times.The ions and freeze thawing may impact on the efficiency of seepage control in the district under applying the GCL conditions,but the influence was little and then could settle to the requirement of seepage control of canal and improved the coefficient of water efficiency in canal system.更多还原