【摘要】 为进一步掌握松花江汞污染的动态,通过2005年的样品采集与分析,结合有关历史数据,研究了松花江表层沉积物中汞的分布与变化。结果表明,在切断汞的主要污染源之后,第二松花江和松花江干流沉积物中汞含量均呈明显下降趋势;松花江18个断面沉积物中总汞质量含量较低,平均为0.172 mg.kg-1,除哈达湾、哨口和白旗江段外,大部分江段已处于背景水平。各江段沉积物中汞的形态分布差别较大,第二松花江沉积物中汞以过氧化氢溶态和王水溶态为主,而干流江段则以酸溶态和过氧化氢溶态为主;与20世纪80年代相比,除了王水溶态汞以外,2005年哈达湾、哨口和白旗3个代表性断面酸溶态、碱溶态及过氧化氢溶态汞含量均大幅下降。说明经过多年的环境治理以及水体的自然净化作用,松花江的汞污染已经得到了有效控制。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on historical data and analysis of the samples collected in 2005,distribution and variation of mercury in the surface layer of sediments in the Songhua River were investigated so as to monitor more closely the dynamics of mercury pollution of the Songhua River.A decreasing trend of the mercury concentration in the sediments from the Secondary and the main stream of the Songhua Rivers was observed after the main pollution source was eliminated.Currently,the mercury concentrations in sediments at 18 sections of the river were measured to be quite low,averaged 0.172 mg·kg-1,and were all at the background level,except for at the sections of Hadawan,Shaokou and Baiqi.A distinct variation was found between the sections in mercury species in the sediments.Hydrogen peroxide-soluble Hg and aqua regia-soluble Hg were the dominant species in the Secondary Songhua River,whereas,acid-soluble Hg and hydrogen peroxide-soluble Hg were in the main stream of the Songhua River.Compared with the 1980s,2005 witnessed a big drop in concentrations of all the mercury species in all the three sections typical of the river,except the aqua regia-soluble Hg.These results demonstrate that the mercury contamination of the Songhua River has been effectively controlled by years of environmental governance and natural purification of the aquatic system as well.更多还原