【摘要】 前期研究结果表明,二化螟和稻纵卷叶螟幼虫为害所诱导的水稻挥发物能对二化螟绒茧蜂Apanteles chilonis Munakata、二化螟Chilo suppressalis(Walker)和稻纵卷叶螟Cnaphalocrocis medinalis(Guene)雌成虫的行为产生影响,并且两者的影响效应存在明显差异,但至今仍不清楚2种害虫危害后水稻挥发物的变化情况。利用动态吸附法对健康水稻苗、二化螟或稻纵卷叶螟幼虫为害苗的挥发物进行捕集与鉴定。在3种处理水稻苗中,共捕集到28种挥发物组分,包括萜类化合物、烷烃类化合物、酮类、醇类、水杨酸甲酯和一些未知化合物。二化螟和稻纵卷叶螟为害均能导致水稻挥发物总量和大多挥发物组分释放量的上升;同时,二化螟幼虫危害能诱导水稻新释放2-heptanonol,(E)-linalooloxide和2种未知挥发物组分,稻纵卷叶螟为害则可诱导水稻产生2-heptanonol,(E)-linalooloxide,MeSA和β-caryophyllene4种新化合物。2种虫害稻株间的比较表明,β-caryophyllene和MeSA是稻纵卷叶螟危害水稻后诱导产生的特有挥发物组分,并且linalool,α-copaene,(+)-cedrol,n-heptadecane和n-nonadecane在二化螟为害苗与稻纵卷叶螟为害苗之间差异显著。这一结果也许可以解释2种害虫诱导水稻挥发物对天敌和害虫行为影响不同的原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 Previous studies showed that the volatiles emitted from rice plants infested by rice striped stem borer (SSB),Chilo suppressalis (Walker) and rice leaf folder (RLF) Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) had different influences on the behavior of a larval parasitoid of SSB,Apanteles chilonis(Munakata),and adult females of SSB and RLF. However,the SSB or RLF caterpillar-induced rice volatiles remain unclear. In this paper,we collected and identified these volatiles. In total,28 chemicals were collected from the headspace of three treatments of rice plants,which included terpenoids,aliphatic hydrocarbons,ketones and,alcohols,methyl salicylate,and some as yet unidentifiedknown compounds. Both SSB or and RLF caterpillar infestation dramatically increased the release of the volatiles. Moreover,SSB caterpillar infestation induced the rice plants to release 2-heptanonol,(E)-linalool oxide and two unknown chemicals,and RLF infestation elicited the emission of 2-heptanonol,(E)-linalool oxide,methyl salicylate and β-caryophyllene. The comparison showed that compared to SSB caterpillar-infested plants,β-caryophyllene and MeSA were special specific components emitted from RLF caterpillar-infested plants. There were significant differences between SSB-infested and RLF-infested plants in amounts of linalool,α-copaene,(+)-cedrol,n-heptadecane and n-nonadecane. It may explain the reason why the volatiles emitted from rice plants infested by SSB or and RLF caterpillar had different effects on the behavior of the natural enemies and herbivores.更多还原