【摘要】 根据人体肌肉硬度与肌肉舒适度具有因果关系的生理学特性,进行了由一组志愿者参与的、旨在研究操控件不同布局设计下人体静态姿势对肌肉硬度影响的试验。利用肌肉硬度仪测量了一组受试者在不同静态操作姿势下人体各相关肌肉硬度的变化情况,得到不同姿势下肌肉硬度的变化规律。通过对试验测得的肌肉硬度数据进行归一化处理并依据相关肌肉横断面积进行加权计算,给出肌肉舒适指数的概念;针对人体上身2自由度、3自由度关节动作情况,分别给出综合肌肉舒适指数的计算方法;最终提出了基于肌肉硬度试验数据的人体舒适度评价准则(Assessment system based on muscle hardness experiments,ASMH)。通过与工程中广泛采用的快速上肢评价准则(Rapid upper limb assessment,RULA)对比可知,此评价准则的准确度和适用性有所提高,评分值范围增加为1至12,评价等级增加至六个等级,更适合于操控件布局设计的人机工程学优化设计。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study presents an assessment system of human body discomfort index based on muscle hardness experiments—Assessment system based on muscle hardness experiments (ASMH),which is a guideline of the steering layout design. First of all,a group of experiments are carried out to find out the impact of human body static postures on muscle hardness index (MHI). In the process,relative muscle hardness value (MHV) are measured by muscle hardness gauge so that the variation rule of MHV in different operating postures is obtained. Based on the physiological feature that muscle hardness may result in muscle discomfort in human body,muscle discomfort index (MDI) is defined through the normalization,and weighting of MHV. Then concerning the motions of two and three degree-freedom joints,different calculation methods for the overall MDI are adopted. Accordingly,ASMH is proposed,which can provide more objective ergonomic suggestions. At last,through the comparison between ASMH and rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) which is widely adopted in engineering,it is proved that the accuracy and applicability of ASMH are improved. The range of score increases to 12 and the rank increases to 6. Therefore,ASMH is more effective in ergonomic design.更多还原