【摘要】 目的调查深圳市中学生生存理由状况及其影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样法,用中学生情绪及相关问题调查表、生存理由调查表、贝克抑郁量表、贝克绝望量表和自杀行为问卷-修订版等工具对4950名中学生进行调查。结果收回有效问卷4 177份。深圳市中学生的生存理由评分平均为(203.6±33.5)分,男生、女生的评分无统计学差异,初一学生评分分高于其他年级学生。相关分析显示:生存理由总分和子量表生存和应对信念与自杀倾向、抑郁程度和绝望情绪呈显著负相关。多元逐步回归分析显示:绝望情绪、自杀计划、自杀意念、家庭经济差和抑郁情绪等因素可能与生存理由总分减少有关,而父亲文化程度高和学习成绩好可能与生存理由总分升高有关。结论深圳市中学生生存理由状况在性别上无明显差异,低年级学生生存理由状况好于高年级学生;生存理由状况与自杀倾向、抑郁、绝望、家庭经济和学习成绩等因素相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the situation in the reasons for living and its influencing factors among middle school students in Shenzhen.Methods: The survey on the reasons for living and its influencing factors were carried out in 4 950 middle school students in Shenzhen by stratified cluster sampling method.The students were assessed with general conditions questionnaires,reasons for living inventory,suicide behavior questionnaire-revised(SBQ),Beck depression inventory and hopelessness scale.Results:There were 4 177 effective questionnaires.The total scores of reasons for living average were(203.6±33.5).There was no significant difference in scores between boys and girls.First year students scored higher than others students.Correlation analysis showed that the total score of reasons for living and its sub-score survival and coping beliefs were negatively correlated with suicidal tendencies,depression and despair.Stepwise regression analysis showed that despair,suicide plans,suicide ideation,bad economic condition of family and depression may associate with reduction of the total scores of reasons for living,while father of higher education level and students of good academic performance may associate with increase of the total scores of reasons for living.Conclusion:There was no significant gender difference in reasons for living in middle school students.The situations in the reasons for living of low-grade students were better than those of higher-grades.Reasons for living is related with suicidal tendencies,depression,despair,economic condition of family and academic performance of student.更多还原