【摘要】 本文提出以数学软件Maple为运算工具计算闪蒸过程中汽化率、平衡组成的新方法。该法编程简单,计算过程快捷,容易反复计算,计算的准确性好、精度高。通过解方程直接求得汽化率,无需试差。软件特有的图形绘制功能为计算等焓节流问题提供了较大的便利。列举了汽液平衡常数与组成无关的等温闪蒸计算、汽液平衡常数与组成有关的等温闪蒸计算以及等焓节流的计算3个计算实例。讨论了进料组成对汽化率的影响,并用图形表示了进料组成不同取值时的汽化率。对等焓节流的计算方法进行了比较,利用此方法计算所得节流后温度与其他方法差别不大,但汽化率的差别比较明显。计算结果表明,Maple软件能有效地计算各类闪蒸过程,可成为教师授课与工程技术人员计算的工具,也可提高学生利用计算机解决闪蒸过程中汽化率等问题的能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 With application of programs made up of the software Maple,which were simple,fast in computing,easy to repeat calculations and gave answers of better accuracy and higher precision,a new method was developed to finish calculations for both isothermal flash and adiabatic flash to determine the resulting vaporization rate,adiabatic flash temperature,compositions,and flow rates of the equilibrium liquid and vapor streams under the specified temperature and pressure.The vaporization rate was computed with the software by solving equations directly,superior to manual calculations in literature which had to involve tedious iterations.The graphics package of the software was much helpful for such computing.Three examples shown in the paper covered calculations for isothermal flash with vapor-liquid-equilibrium ratios(K values)not being related to equilibrium-phase compositions,calculations for isothermal flash with K values as functions of the compositions,and calculations for adiabatic flash.Discussions were made on the effect of feed compositions on the vaporization rate,which were all illustrated with figures.Comparison of the methods for calculation of adiabatic flash was made,finding that there was litter difference between values of the adiabatic flash temperature,but small difference between values of the vaporization rate given by Maple and those by other methods.It was proven that Maple programs could be utilized to compute various flash processes efficiently,could become the teaching tool to be used by teachers and the computing tool to be used by engineers,and could help students improve their abilities in solving problems on flash processes as well.更多还原