【摘要】 目的:了解育龄妇女癌症综合知识和子宫颈癌防治知识的知晓情况,推广适宜农村地区的子宫颈癌筛查方法,促进子宫颈癌早诊早治,降低子宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率。方法:以35～55岁已婚妇女作为对象,进行以人群为基础的子宫颈癌筛查。对符合条件的妇女进行癌症综合知识及子宫颈癌防治知识知晓情况的问卷调查。受检妇女使用5%醋酸染色后肉眼观察(VIA)和2%碘染色后肉眼观察(VILI)宫颈改变,结果异常者进行阴道镜下活检并得到最终的病理学诊断。结果:有效问卷2029份,显示对吸烟、饮酒是癌症的主要危险因素等知晓率较高;而癌症的大多数危险因素、早诊早治方法和子宫颈癌的预防控制措施等许多方面知晓率较低。不同教育背景及不同年龄的知晓率存在较大差异,学历高、年龄轻的妇女知晓率高。2008年筛查适龄妇女2029人,96人采集了病理标本,最终病理确诊CINⅠ(轻度宫颈上皮内瘤变)4人,CINⅡ(中度宫颈上皮内瘤变)1人,CINⅢ(重度宫颈上皮内瘤变)/原位癌1人,早期浸润癌1人。≥CINⅡ的检出率为1.48‰。≥CIN总人数为7人,占VIA和VILI阳性人数的4.52%。2009年复查1760人,50人采集了病理标本,最终病理确诊CINⅠ11人,CINⅡ2人,≥CINⅡ的现患率为1.14‰。≥CIN总人数为13人,占VIA和VILI阳性人数的12.26%。两年累计检出≥CINⅡ5人,累计≥CINⅡ的检出率为2.46‰。结论:大丰市要针对不同对象进一步加大妇女生殖健康的宣传力度,积极开展预防子宫颈癌的健康教育,提高人群的癌症防治知识知晓率,同时有关部门应不断提高筛查水平,做到子宫颈癌的早发现、早诊断、早治疗。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To know the situation of productive-aged women knowing about the knowledge of woman cancer and prevention and cure of cervix cancer,promote the right way of screening cervix cancer in rural areas,diagnose and cure cervix cancer at the early stage,so as to reduce the morbidity and mortality of cervix cancer.Methods:The married women aged 35 to 55 years olds enrolled the research object,screening for cervix cancer was carried out on basis of crowd.Questionnaires about the comprehensive knowledge about woman cancer and cervical cancer were carried out.Women were screening through visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and with Lugol’s iodine (VILI).Biopsy under colposcope was carried on with abnormal outcome of VIA and VILI,and the pathology diagnosis was the extreme diagnose for them.Conclusion:The valid 2029 questionnaires indicate that women in Dafeng city (Jiangsu province) know more about the most frequent cancers in the locality and about the main risk factors of cancers are smoking and alcohol drinking,while know less about other risk factors of cancers including the methods of how to diagnose and cure at early stage and the protective and control methods of cervical cancer.There are evident differences about above questionnaires among different educational background or different aged women.Young married women with high educational history know more.There are 2029 productive-aged women were screened in 2008,96 of total were taken on biopsies,and final pathology diagnosis is as follows:4 women of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia Ⅰ(CINⅠ),1 woman with neoplasia Ⅱ(CINⅡ),1 woman with neoplasia Ⅲ(CINⅢ) or carcinoma in situ,1 woman of early invasive carcinoma.The detection rate of CINⅡ and above is 1.48‰.There are 7 women of CINⅠ and above,accounting for 4.52% of masccline outcome of VIA and VILI.There are 1760 women were rechecked in 2009,50 of total were taken on biopsies,and final pathology diagnosis is:11 women of CINⅠ,2 woman of CINⅡ.The detection rate of CINⅡ and above is 1.14‰.There are 13 women of CINⅠ and above,accounting for 12.26% of masccline outcome of VIA and VILI.The aggregate detection rate of CINⅡ and above is 2.46‰,5 cases.Conclusion:The local government should address the publicity of reproductive health for women and positively conduct health education on prevention cervical cancer as well as increasing the knowledge of prevention and cure of cancer in mass.Local department of public health should try their best to strengthen the professional level of cervical cancer screening to accomplish diagnosis and cure cervical cancer at early stage.更多还原