【摘要】 目的:了解安徽省农村已婚育龄妇女的生殖系统疾病和乳腺疾病的患病现况,为制定生殖健康促进计划提供科学依据。方法:在保证市级代表性基础上,分层、整群抽取53 652名18～49岁农村已婚育龄妇女,采用先集中后入户的调查方式进行生殖系统疾病和乳腺疾病相关问题问卷调查、盆腔和乳腺检查及实验室检查。结果:农村已婚育龄妇女生殖系统疾病的患病率为58.1%,主要为宫颈糜烂(35.3%)、宫颈肥大(24.3%)、细菌性阴道病(12.0%)和各种阴道炎(9.1%),宫颈癌的患病率为0.1%。乳腺疾病的患病率为10.7%,其中乳腺增生症患病率最高(9.4%),其次为乳管内乳头状瘤、纤维腺瘤,分别占0.6%和0.5%,乳腺癌的患病率为0.03%。统计分析结果显示,妇女及丈夫年龄为30～44岁、职业为农民、初中及以上文化程度、家庭年均收入为>8 000～10 000元、月经初潮年龄为15～16周岁、月经周期≤24天、经量中等、痛经、初产年龄≥25周岁、总生育次数≥2次、产后超过2个月开始性生活、采取避孕措施、无引产和流产史的妇女生殖系统疾病和乳腺疾病的患病率较高,且有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。结论:安徽省农村育龄妇女生殖系统疾病患病率较高,应将生殖健康促进计划纳入各级政府规划,促进人口和计划生育工作健康发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To analysis the morbidities of reproductive system diseases and breast diseases among the rural married women at reproductive age in Anhui,and to provide the scientific basis for reproductive health promotion program.Methods: Fifty-three thousand six hundred and fifty-two rural married women aged 18 to 49 were recruited with the stratified cluster random sampling method.The questionnaire survey,pelvic and breast examination were conducted.Results: The prevalence of reproductive system diseases among the rural married women at reproductive age was 58.1%,the top four of which were cervical erosion(35.3%),cervical hypertrophy(24.3%),bacterial vaginosis(12.0%),and vaginitis(9.1%).The prevalence of cervical cancer was 0.1%.The incidence of breast diseases was 10.7%,the top three of which were cyclomastopathy(9.4%),intracanalicular papilloma(0.6%) and breast fibroadenoma(0.5%).The prevalence of breast cancer was 0.03%.The logistic regression results showed that 30 to 44 years old of women and their husbands,farmers,higher education level,more than 8 000 to 10 000 yuan per year of household incomes were risk factors of reproductive system diseases and breast diseases.Women whose age at menarche was 15 to 16 years old,menstrual cycles was not more than 24 days,menstrual blood loss was medium,age at the first delivery was not less than 25 years old,total number of delivery was not less than 2 times,and who suffered from dysmenorrheal,began their sex activity more than 2 months after deliveries,used measures of contraception,had no abortion and miscarriage history were likely to suffer from reproductive system diseases and breast diseases.Conclusion: Reproductive system diseases are prevalent among the rural married women at reproductive age in Anhui province.Reproductive health promotion should be brought into program at all levels of government in order to facilitate the healthy development of population and family planning work.更多还原