【摘要】 尿液是重要的疾病标志物来源.本文介绍了当前尿蛋白质组学的研究进展和尿液中疾病标志物研究的主要问题,并对未来的发展进行了展望.由于实际的临床问题通常是对症状相似的多种疾病进行鉴别诊断,仅仅比较某一种疾病组和健康人对照组的尿蛋白质组差异不足以找到具有诊断能力的标志物.另外,尿蛋白质组在个体间和同一个体的不同生理条件下的变化也为疾病标志物的寻找带来了困难.本文提出,进行正常人群个体间和不同生理条件下尿蛋白质变化范围的研究可以为鉴定疾病标志物提供参考标准,从而帮助研究者发现由疾病、而不是生理学差异引起的蛋白的变化.比较蛋白在血浆和尿液中丰度的变化可以揭示肾脏的生理学功能和发现疾病标志物.最后提出,建立一个数据共享平台,收集和整合已有的疾病标志物研发成果,将大大推动尿蛋白质组研究的发展.更多还原

【Abstract】 Urine is an important source of biomarkers.This article reviews current advances,major problems,and future prospects in the field of urinary proteomics.Because the practical clinical problem is to distinguish various diseases with similar symptoms,merely comparing samples from patients of a particular disease and healthy controls is impossible to find biomarkers with sufficient diagnosis power.Besides,the variation of the expression level of urinary proteins among healthy individuals and among the same individual under different physiological conditions make it a much more tough work to identify biomarkers successfully.We proposes that finding out the variation interval of each urinary protein among healthy population can help the biomarker discovery studies by providing references to identify protein abundance changes that are caused by diseases,not by the physiological variation.We also mentions that comparing protein expression levels between urine and plasma can reveal the physiological function of kidney and help the discovery of biomarkers.Finally,establishing a data-sharing platform for collecting and integrating results from all the existing studies will promote the development of urinary proteomics greatly.更多还原