【摘要】 目的探讨手足口病的动态流行特征,为制定有效防控措施提供依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法分析4年疫情和流调资料的流行特征;在哨点医院设立监测点,采集手足口病患者的咽拭子标本,采用RT-PCR方法进行病毒核酸检测。结果疫情高发趋势提前;从城市向农村扩散的程度逐年增强;发病年龄主要在1～5岁,男性高于女性,重症病例以1～3岁居多;散居儿童所占比例逐年增大,托幼儿童逐年减少;EV71和CA16间隔2年左右交替出现并流行;年发病高峰提前于气温高峰。结论由于不同毒株的交替出现,造成疫情流行强度难以减弱;年度流行特征变化不大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the dynamically epidemiological characteristics of Hand-foot-mouth Disease (HFMD) in Qingdao City so as to offer the effective measures of prevention and control. Methods Data from the epidemics and epidemiological investigation were illustrated by descriptive epidemiology. Nasopharyngeal swabs of the cases at the sentinel hospitals were collected and detected by RT-PCR. Results The epidemic came early and dispersed from urban to rural areas year by year. Most common cases aged 1 to 5 years old and males accounted for a high proportion and a majority of severe cases aged 1 to 3 years old. Cases from kindergarten decreased and children from communities suffered from HFMD year after year. EV71 and CA16 led to an epidemic after a two-year interval. The peak incidence came earlier than that of air temperature. Conclusions Alternate appearance of different strains result in an epidemic. The annual characteristics of an epidemic has little change.更多还原