【摘要】 目的掌握安徽省C群流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)人群分布特征,为制定流脑的防治对策及措施提供科学依据。方法采用流行病学调查及临床、实验室检测。结果2004-2006年度安徽省报告流脑及流脑疑似病例500例,死亡39例,病死率7.8%。500例病例中实验室确诊112例,其中C群流脑病例99例,占88.4%;全省17个市中16个市报告流脑病例,C群流脑病例分布于全省大部分市(12个);C群流脑病例的高发年龄组为13～18岁,占全部C群流脑病例数的51.5%;共发生的13起聚集性流脑疫情中有10起发生在学校;健康人群C群流脑抗体水平较低,阳性率为32.5%。结论C群流脑病例的增多是造成近年安徽省流脑发病上升的主要原因;流脑的流行菌群发生变迁,C群脑膜炎奈瑟菌已成为安徽省流脑流行的优势菌群。安徽省流脑预防控制的重点应在综合防治的基础上开展C群流脑疫苗的接种工作,在做好常规免疫的基础上,重点做好学校和中小学生的预防控制工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective In order to find out the prevalence characters of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis(ECM)in Anhui Province,and to provide the scientific references for improving the prevention and controlling work of ECM.Methods Epidemiological,clinic,and laboratory investigation were made.Results From 2004 to 2006,500 cases were reported in the whole province,the dead cases were 39 and the mortality was 7.8%.112 cases were confirmed by laboratory test in which 99 cases were caused by Neisseria meningitis serogroup C accounting for 88.4%.16 of 17 cities reported the cases and the Neisseria meningitis of serogroup C were prevalent almost in the whole province(12 cities).High incidence of age group of these cases were 13～18 and accounting for 51.5%.There were 13 outbreaks occurred in Anhui Province,10 of which occurred in school.The level of antibody titer of serogroup C in health population was low with the positive rate 32.5%.Conclusions The ECM cases raised drastically in Anhui Province were mainly caused by the increasing cases of serogroup C.The prevalent strain has changed and it is the serogroup C in Anhui now.A comprehensive preventive methods mainly about vaccination should be taken,specially for the students and schools.更多还原