【摘要】 休谟提出的"归纳问题"及归纳推理的形式化刻画是归纳逻辑留下的两大难题。深入考察归纳推理的各个环节就可发现,归纳不是一种单纯的思维方法,而是综合、抽象、虚拟等多种方法结合运用的复合方法。它在本质上是对单称命题的综合,其运算形式是一种加法;抽象为它提供前提中的性质命题,并为它进行归并运算提供可能;由想象补充的"虚拟前提"使不完全归纳演变成完全归纳,确立了归纳方法的合理性。由此得到归纳推理的通用演算形式:s1■p+s2■p+s3■p+〈n〉(s■p)=×(s■p)。更多还原

【Abstract】 David Hume put forward the form of "induction problem" and induction inference is the two big difficult problems left by induction logic.With the deep consideration of the all aspects of induction inference,we can found that induction is not a pure thinking method but a complicated method combining the methods of comprehensive,abstraction and unreality.It is a comprehensive method in essence and the form of calculation is a kind of addition.The abstraction provides the character proposition and also provides the possibility for the induction and calculation.The "unreality premise" which made up by imagination makes the incomplete development becoming complete induction,and it determined the rationality of this method.Therefore the general calculation form of induction inference can be obtained.更多还原