【摘要】 采用多种表征手段研究了一种降感奥克托今(D-HMX)的晶体特性、热性能及感度性能。采用折光匹配光学显微镜(OPM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、激光粒度仪、高效液相色谱、密度梯度法和X射线衍射(XRD)表征了D-HMX的颗粒形态、粒度、纯度、颗粒密度及晶型结构;采用差热扫描(DSC)、真空安定性实验(VST)研究了其热性能,通过机械撞击感度实验、摩擦感度实验和隔板实验研究其感度性能。结果表明,D-HMX是一类具有较高晶体品质的β-HMX单质炸药。与普通HMX(C-HMX)相比,D-HMX具有较好的颗粒形态和较少的晶体缺陷,热性能和感度性能明显改善。D-HMX的颗粒形状接近球形,为规则的几何多面体,无孪晶聚晶现象,晶面光洁,颗粒均匀,粒度分布窄,颗粒透明,内部无明显杂质和包藏物,纯度为(99.6±0.1)%,颗粒平均密度大于1.9016 g.cm-3,接近晶体最大理论密度1.903 g.cm-3且密度分散性小。DSC实验结果表明,D-HMX的β→δ晶相转变温度比C-HMX提高6℃,VST放气量明显小于C-HMX。隔板实验结果表明,基于D-HMX的浇铸和压装PBXs的铝隔板厚度比C-HMX降低10%~23%。另外,D-HMX的机械撞击感度也比C-HMX下降,特别是D-HMX细颗粒(FD-HMX),其特性落高为72.2 cm,爆炸概率24%,比C-HMX细颗粒(FC-HMX)的16.8 cm和88%表现出更强的抗撞击性。更多还原

【Abstract】 A kind of desensitized octogen(D-HMX) was characterized with various analysis methods,including Optical Microscopy with Matching Refractive Index(OPM),Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM),Laser Particle Sizer,High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC),density gradient technique and X-ray Diffraction(XRD).The thermal properties of D-HMX were investigated by Differential Scanning Calorimetry(DSC) and Vacuum Thermal Stability test(VST).The sensitivities of D-HMX against friction,impact and shock were studied.Compared with conventional octogen(C-HMX),D-HMX has better morphology,lesser crystal defects,better thermal properties and takes great effect on reducing shock sensitivity in both cast and pressed PBX formulations.Which are incarnated from the following aspects.First,the D-HMX has no twinned crystals or congeries,which shape is regular polyhedron and nearly spheric.Second,there are no inclusions in D-HMX crystals,the purity of D-HMX is(99.6±0.1)% and the mean particle density is great 1.9016 g·cm-3.Third,the results of DSC and VST show that the β→δ phase transition of D-HMX is shifted to high temperatures about 6 ℃ and that the amount of gas evolution of D-HMX is obviously less after being heated for 48 h at 120 ℃ compared with C-HMX.Fourth,the results of shock sensitivities demonstrate that the aluminium gap thicknesses of cast and pressed PBXs based on D-HMX are lesser 10%~23% than that of PBXs based on C-HMX.Additional,the impact sensitivity of D-HMX appears lower sensitivity than C-HMX.Especially for the fine grain D-HMX(FD-HMX),the drop-height of 72.2 cm and initiation probabilities of 24% indicate there are significantly higher resistance to impact than the fine grain C-HMX(FC-HMX) of 16.8 cm and 88%.更多还原