【摘要】 总结了近年来不同地区对不同环境下大气超细颗粒物的观测和扩散模拟研究进展。大量的观测研究结果表明,大气超细颗粒物的时空分布、组成特征、形成和成长的特性因观测地区的不同而存在很大差异,受气象因素和局部污染源的影响很大;其来源主要包括固定、移动燃烧源的直接排放和大气中颗粒成核现象,前一种来源一般是局部的,而后一种来源则是区域性的。目前,大多数关于大气超细颗粒物扩散的模拟研究都是针对其质量浓度的,对其数浓度扩散的模拟研究主要集中在小范围(机动车排放烟云的研究方面),在城市区域范围上的研究和应用还很少。最后,探讨和展望了大气超细颗粒物今后的主要研究方向和研究中面临的挑战。更多还原

【Abstract】 Base on the comprehensive literature review,this paper summarized the recent studies on measurements and simulations of atmospheric ultrafine particles in various regions and environments.The observations show that the time-spatial variations,formation and growth,compositions of ultrafine particles are strongly related to meteorological conditions and local pollution sources,therefore,the characteristic of ultrafine particles varied widely in different regions.The ultrafine particles can be directly emitted from combustion processes both stationary and mobile sources,or formed in the atmosphere through nucleation.Some aerosol dynamic module contained particulate number concentration diffusion models are introduced,but most of them are applied in a motor vehicle emission simulation.Little research has been conducted in applying particle number concentration simulation to city range.Finally,this paper provides and discusses the challenges to address the ultrafine particles pollution.更多还原