【摘要】 目的观察苯丙胺对大鼠学习能力、GFAP免疫阳性细胞结构和亚细胞结构的影响。方法苯丙胺腹腔注射SD大鼠,用水迷宫检测其空间辨别性学习能力,用免疫组织化学方法观察海马结构胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)免疫阳性细胞的形态变化;用电镜方法检测GFAP免疫阳性细胞超微结构变化。结果学习能力检测发现,在14d以前,苯丙胺组大鼠较生理盐水组的平均运行时间和平均潜伏期缩短(P<0.05);在15～28d,苯丙胺组大鼠较生理盐水组正确率降低(P<0.05);在29～42d,苯丙胺组大鼠较生理盐水组正确率降低、平均运行时间延长(P<0.05)。GFAP阳性细胞形态学观察发现,正常对照组大鼠海马结构星形胶质细胞主要分布在海马以及齿状回的多形层和分子层;生理盐水组大鼠海马结构星形胶质细胞分布与游水组相似,但细胞突起变长及增粗,分支增多,且各亚区比正常对照组相应亚区的星形胶质细胞数量增多(P<0.05);苯丙胺组大鼠海马星形胶质细胞分布与正常对照组相似,但细胞突起变长、增粗和分支增多更明显,各亚区的星形胶质细胞比正常对照组和生理盐水组相应亚区增多(P<0.05);电镜观察发现苯丙胺组大鼠脑内星形胶质细胞增生肥大,亦可见退变星形胶质细胞。结论在本实验条件下,苯丙胺导致大鼠空间辨别性学习记忆能力下降,引起大鼠海马结构星形胶质细胞增生和损害。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the effect of amphetamine on learning ability and GFAP-positive cells structure and subcell structure in hippocampal formation in rats.Methods The male SD rats were injected amphetamine into muscle as model of drug abuse.The ability of spatial discriminative learning was assessed by water maze.Immunohistochemical method was used to identify the changes in astrocytes morphology and change of GFAP expression;and ultrastructure of GFAP-positive cells was observed with electronic microscopy.Results The results from the spatial discriminative learning ability:From day 1 to 14,the mean running time and the mean latency in the amphetamine group was shorter than that of the saline group (P<0.05),from day 14 to 28,the correct ratio in the amphetamine group was much lower,and was further lower from day 29 to 42,the mean running time was increased compared with the saline group (P <0.05);The result of immunohistochemical method:Astrocytes are mainly distributed in the polymorphic layer and molecular layer of the hippocampus and dentate gyrus in the swimming group.The distribution pattern in saline group was the same as that of the swimming group,but the number of astrocytes were increased in different subfield of hippocampus (P<0.05),and the processes of astrocytes were longer and larger,with more branches in saline group.There was also an increase in the saline group (P<0.05).The number of astrocytes in the amphetamine group rats were significantly increased compared with the saline group or the swimming group (P<0.05),and the processes of astrocytes were more longer and larger,with more branches compared with the saline group.The result of ultrastructure by electronic microscope:Hyperplasia and hypertrophy of astrocytes were found,and the degenerative astrocytes were also found.Conclusion Our results suggested that amphetamine can cause proliferation and damage of astrocytes in rat hippocampal formation.更多还原