A universal technique for developing new plane quadrilateral spline elements is proposed. In this approach,the triangular area coordinate interpolation and the B-net method are employed to establish the formulations,which satisfy the conforming conditions between two adjacent elements. By using 1-,2-and 3-order bivariate spline interpolation bases,three new 4-,8-and 12-node quadrilateral elements are successfully constructed,respectively. The displacement interpolation functions of the new 8-and 12-node ele...